AI Article Synopsis
- Diarrheal diseases significantly impact children under 5 in Africa, with 30 million severe cases and 330,000 deaths recorded in 2015, highlighting the urgent need for targeted interventions.
- A comprehensive study used advanced statistical techniques to estimate the prevalence and mortality of diarrhea across African regions from 2000 to 2015, revealing detailed geographic disparities.
- Over half of childhood deaths from diarrhea in 2015 occurred in just 55 out of 782 administrative regions, with Nigeria showing mortality rates differing by up to six times, indicating areas in need of focused health resources and strategies.
Article Abstract
Background: Diarrheal diseases are the third leading cause of disease and death in children younger than 5 years of age in Africa and were responsible for an estimated 30 million cases of severe diarrhea (95% credible interval, 27 million to 33 million) and 330,000 deaths (95% credible interval, 270,000 to 380,000) in 2015. The development of targeted approaches to address this burden has been hampered by a paucity of comprehensive, fine-scale estimates of diarrhea-related disease and death among and within countries.
Methods: We produced annual estimates of the prevalence and incidence of diarrhea and diarrhea-related mortality with high geographic detail (5 km) across Africa from 2000 through 2015. Estimates were created with the use of Bayesian geostatistical techniques and were calibrated to the results from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2016.
Results: The results revealed geographic inequality with regard to diarrhea risk in Africa. Of the estimated 330,000 childhood deaths that were attributable to diarrhea in 2015, more than 50% occurred in 55 of the 782 first-level administrative subdivisions (e.g., states). In 2015, mortality rates among first-level administrative subdivisions in Nigeria differed by up to a factor of 6. The case fatality rates were highly varied at the national level across Africa, with the highest values observed in Benin, Lesotho, Mali, Nigeria, and Sierra Leone.
Conclusions: Our findings showed concentrated areas of diarrheal disease and diarrhea-related death in countries that had a consistently high burden as well as in countries that had considerable national-level reductions in diarrhea burden. (Funded by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation.).
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6078160 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1716766 | DOI Listing |
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