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Recent advances in allergic rhinitis. | LitMetric

Recent advances in allergic rhinitis.

F1000Res

Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy/Immunology, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, 80206, USA.

Published: July 2019

AI Article Synopsis

  • - Allergic rhinitis affects about 20-30% of adults and more children in the US and Europe, causing nasal/eye symptoms that can disrupt sleep and daily life, leading to missed work and reduced productivity.
  • - Many patients showing seasonal or year-round allergy symptoms may have local nasal allergies, which can be diagnosed using specific tests even if standard allergy tests come back negative.
  • - Treatment options include antihistamines and intranasal corticosteroids for symptom relief, while allergen immunotherapy (like sublingual immunotherapy or SLIT) is effective for local allergies but currently faces challenges like dosage information and limited allergen options.

Article Abstract

Allergic rhinitis affects 20 to 30% of adults in both the United States and Europe and perhaps a somewhat higher percentage of children. In addition to nasal and ocular symptoms directly related to the allergic process, interference of these symptoms with sleep leads to daytime sleepiness and impaired quality of life. Patients miss work because of symptoms but an even greater problem is interference with work productivity, or presenteeism, which has been reported to be the biggest contributor to the total economic cost of allergic rhinitis. There has been increasing awareness that many patients with either seasonal or perennial symptoms but negative skin and tests for allergen sensitivity have local nasal allergy, diagnosable by the presence of allergen-specific IgE in their nasal secretions or a positive nasal allergen challenge or both. The pharmaceutical management of allergic rhinitis rests on symptomatic treatment with antihistamines that perhaps are more effectively administered intranasally than orally and intranasal corticosteroids. Allergen immunotherapy is very effective, even for local allergic rhinitis, and the shortcomings of subcutaneous immunotherapy of inconvenience and safety are reduced by the introduction of sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT). Use of the latter is currently somewhat limited by the lack of appropriate dosing information for SLIT liquids and the limited number of allergens for which SLIT tablets are available.

Download full-text PDF

Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6107993PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.15367.1DOI Listing

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