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Population level mitogenomics of long-lived bats reveals dynamic heteroplasmy and challenges the Free Radical Theory of Ageing. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • - Bats are unique among mammals for their ability to fly and have high metabolic rates, which usually contribute to aging as per the "Free Radical Theory of Ageing" (FTRA).
  • - Research on long-lived bats (Myotis myotis) revealed no significant increase in mitochondrial heteroplasmy (genetic variations in mitochondria) with age, challenging the assumptions of the FTRA.
  • - The study found that while mutations existed, they were infrequent and dynamic rather than continuously increasing, suggesting that heteroplasmy does not play a major role in the aging process of bats.

Article Abstract

Bats are the only mammals capable of true, powered flight, which drives an extremely high metabolic rate. The "Free Radical Theory of Ageing" (FTRA) posits that a high metabolic rate causes mitochondrial heteroplasmy and the progressive ageing phenotype. Contrary to this, bats are the longest-lived order of mammals given their small size and high metabolic rate. To investigate if bats exhibit increased mitochondrial heteroplasmy with age, we performed targeted, deep sequencing of mitogenomes and measured point heteroplasmy in wild, long lived Myotis myotis. Blood was sampled from 195 individuals, aged between <1 and at 6+ years old, and whole mitochondria deep-sequenced, with a subset sampled over multiple years. The majority of heteroplasmies were at a low frequency and were transitions. Oxidative mutations were present in only a small number of individuals, suggesting local oxidative stress events. Cohort data showed no significant increase in heteroplasmy with age, while longitudinal data from recaptured individuals showed heteroplasmy is dynamic, and does not increase uniformly over time. We show that bats do not suffer from the predicted, inevitable increase in heteroplasmy as posited by the FRTA, instead heteroplasmy was found to be dynamic, questioning its presumed role as a primary driver of ageing.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6134106PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-31093-2DOI Listing

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