Immune aggression to transplanted allogeneic bone marrow, i.e. the graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), could be decreased by the suppression of effector and/or activation of T- regulatory cells (Treg). This task could be solved by co-transplantaiton of allogeneic bone marrow and mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). This study demonstrated the elevated immune modulating activity of MSCs by their culturing in vitro on Al₂0₃ oxide nanocoatings. Introduction of the cells to the animals with GVHD resulted in an increased content of Treg in the spleen of bone marrow recipients, reduced severity of the pathology, and higher survival of animals. Thefindings could be the basis for developing the new approaches to optimize the GVHD treatment methods involving the oxide nanocoating cultured MSCs.
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