Background And Purpose: Spasm of the near reflex (SNR) can be a variable, unpredictable condition. There is no standard management strategy. The purpose of this paper is to summarize the pertinent information from a literature review to better identify, explain, and manage this condition.
Patients And Method: Case presentations and retrospective literature review Results: The presumed cause of SNR can be grouped into four categories: psychogenic, head trauma, organic/neurologic, and other causes. Etiology is often presumed rather than confirmed and may be multifactorial. A number of treatments have been reported, all with unpredictable efficacy.Etiology may be the most important factor in predicting treatment outcomes. In general, SNR due to psychogenic causes often has a good prognosis but time required for resolution varies widely. SNR due to an organic/neurologic cause may resolve with treatment of the underlying condition, but a psychogenic component may also occur in these cases. SNR due to head trauma has the poorest prognosis with incomplete resolution for many.
Conclusion: SNR is highly variable in presentation and may have various causes. Response to treatment is unpredictable but may be dependent on etiology. A standardized treatment protocol for SNR may not be attainable, but it is possible to approach management of SNR in a methodical manner. A proposed management strategy is presented.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/2576117X.2018.1486680 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Conserved multisensory integration of social cues in the thalamus.
iScience
January 2025
Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland.
The recognition of conspecifics, animals of the same species, and keeping track of changes in the social environment is essential to all animals. While molecules, circuits, and brain regions that control social behaviors across species are studied in-depth, the neural mechanisms that enable the recognition of social cues are largely obscure. Recent evidence suggests that social cues across sensory modalities converge in a thalamic area conserved across vertebrates.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProfiling signaling mediators for cell-cell interactions and communications with microfluidics-based single-cell analysis tools.
iScience
January 2025
School of Health and Life Sciences, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao 266113, China.
Cell-cell interactions and communication represent the fundamental cornerstone of cells' collaborative efforts in executing diverse biological processes. A profound understanding of how cells interface through various mediators is pivotal across a spectrum of biological systems. Recent strides in microfluidic technologies have significantly bolstered the precision and prowess in capturing and manipulating cells with exceptional spatial and temporal resolution.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA review of electrospun metal oxide semiconductor-based photocatalysts.
iScience
January 2025
Laboratory of Functional Molecules and Materials, School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, 266 Xincun Xi road, Zibo 255000, P.R. China.
In recent years, photocatalytic materials with a nanofiber-like morphology have garnered a surge of academic attention due to their distinctive properties, including an expansive specific surface area, a considerable high aspect ratio, a pronounced resistance to agglomeration, superior electron survivability, and robust surface activity. Consequently, the synthesis of photocatalytic nanofiber materials through various methodologies has drawn considerable attention. The electrospinning technique has been established as a prevalent method for fabricating nanofiber-structured materials, owing to its advantageous properties, including the ability for mass production and the assurance of high continuity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBioprinting approaches in cardiac tissue engineering to reproduce blood-pumping heart function.
iScience
January 2025
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, South Korea.
The heart, with its complex structural and functional characteristics, plays a critical role in sustaining life by pumping blood throughout the entire body to supply nutrients and oxygen. Engineered heart tissues have been introduced to reproduce heart functions to understand the pathophysiological properties of the heart and to test and develop potential therapeutics. Although numerous studies have been conducted in various fields to increase the functionality of heart tissue to be similar to reality, there are still many difficulties in reproducing the blood-pumping function of the heart.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEffect of cognitive-behavioral therapy on fatigue in cancer patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Front Psychol
January 2025
Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
Background: Fatigue is a prevalent issue among cancer patients. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is an individualized intervention that empowers patients and caregivers to actively participate in the treatment process. A recent systematic review and meta-analysis examined the impact of CBT on fatigue in cancer patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!