Markers and Methods to Study Adult Midgut Stem Cells.

Stem cells have emerged as a promising cell source to heal, replace or regenerate tissue and organs damaged by aging, injury or diseases. The intestinal epithelium is the most rapidly renewing tissue in our body, which is maintained by intestinal stem cells (ISCs), located at the bottom of the crypts. ISCs continuously replace lost or injured intestinal epithelial cells in organisms ranging from Drosophila to humans. The adult Drosophila midgut provides an excellent in vivo model system to study ISC behavior during stress, regeneration, aging and infection. There are several signaling pathways/genes have been identified to regulate ISCs self-renewal and differentiation during normal and pathological conditions. A significant number of genetic tools and markers have been developed in the last one decade to study Drosophila ISCs behavior. Here, we describe some of the markers and methods used to study ISCs behavior in adult midgut of Drosophila.