AI Article Synopsis

  • Parkinsonian disorders are neurodegenerative movement disorders characterized by symptoms like rigidity and tremor, with Parkinson's disease (PD) being the most common and often misdiagnosed in early stages.
  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small RNA molecules that may help differentiate PD from similar disorders by regulating gene expression, and they are being studied for their potential as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
  • Recent developments highlight the role of miRNAs in accurately identifying PD, understanding disease mechanisms, and exploring treatment options for parkinsonian conditions.

Article Abstract

Parkinsonian disorders are a set of progressive neurodegenerative movement disorders characterized by rigidity, tremor, bradykinesia, postural instability and their distinction has significant implications in terms of management and prognosis. Parkinson's disease (PD) is the most common among them. Its clinical diagnosis is challenging and, it can be misdiagnosed in the early stages. Multiple system atrophy and progressive supranuclear palsy are the close mimickers in early stages, due to overlapping clinical features. MicroRNAs are a class of stable non-coding small RNA molecules implicated in post-transcriptional gene regulation. Current studies propose that miRNAs play an essential role in the pathobiology of multiple neurodegenerative disorders including Parkinsonism, and they seem to be one of the reasonably available methods to aid in the differential diagnosis between PD and related disorders. MicroRNA-based diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutics are a powerful tool to understand and explore the function of the pathogenic gene/s, their mechanism in the disease pathobiology, and to validate drug targets. In this review, we emphasize on the recent developments in the usage of miRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers to identify PD and to differentiate it from atypical parkinsonian conditions, their role in disease pathogenesis, and their possible utility in the therapy of these disorders.

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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jns.2018.08.032DOI Listing

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