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Finite element analysis of kangaroo astragali: A new angle on the ankle.
J Morphol
May 2024
Palaeobiology Research Group, School of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
Using finite element analysis on the astragali of five macropodine kangaroos (extant and extinct hoppers) and three sthenurine kangaroos (extinct proposed bipedal striders) we investigate how the stresses experienced by the ankle in similarly sized kangaroos of different hypothesized/known locomotor strategy compare under different simulation scenarios, intended to represent the moment of midstance at different gaits. These tests showed a clear difference between the performance of sthenurines and macropodines with the former group experiencing lower stress in simulated bipedal strides in all species compared with hopping simulations, supporting the hypothesis that sthenurines may have utilized this gait. The Pleistocene macropodine Protemnodon also performed differently from all other species studied, showing high stresses in all simulations except for bounding.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOptimization Design and Performance Analysis of a Bionic Knee Joint Based on the Geared Five-Bar Mechanism.
Bioengineering (Basel)
May 2023
School of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
Animal joint motion is a combination of rotation and translational motion, which brings high stability, high energy utilization, and other advantages. At present, the hinge joint is widely used in the legged robot. The simple motion characteristic of the hinge joint rotating around the fixed axis limits the improvement of the robot's motion performance.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA loss-of-function mutation in RORB disrupts saltatorial locomotion in rabbits.
PLoS Genet
March 2021
Science for Life Laboratory Uppsala, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Saltatorial locomotion is a type of hopping gait that in mammals can be found in rabbits, hares, kangaroos, and some species of rodents. The molecular mechanisms that control and fine-tune the formation of this type of gait are unknown. Here, we take advantage of one strain of domesticated rabbits, the sauteur d'Alfort, that exhibits an abnormal locomotion behavior defined by the loss of the typical jumping that characterizes wild-type rabbits.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe gaits of marsupials and the evolution of diagonal-sequence walking in primates.
Am J Phys Anthropol
February 2020
Department of Anthropology, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts.
Objectives: Documenting the variety of quadrupedal walking gaits in a variety of marsupials (arboreal vs. terrestrial, with and without grasping hind feet), to aid in developing and refining a general theory of gait evolution in primates.
Materials And Methods: Video records of koalas, ringtail possums, tree kangaroos, sugar gliders, squirrel gliders, wombats, numbats, quolls, a thylacine, and an opossum walking on a variety of substrates were made and analyzed to derive duty factors and diagonalities for symmetrical walking gaits.
Case Description: An 11-month-old sexually intact male red kangaroo () was examined because of bilateral radial and ulnar fractures.
Clinical Findings: Radiography of the forelimbs revealed bilateral, short oblique fractures in the proximal to mid diaphyses of the radii and ulnae. Fractures were overriding and moderately displaced.
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