A combined Lewis acid/photoredox catalyst system enabled the intramolecular umpolung addition of ketyl radicals to vinylogous carbonates in the synthesis of 2,6-dioxabicyclo[3.3.0]octan-3-ones. This reaction proceeded on a variety of aromatic ketones to provide THF rings in good yield (up to 95%). Although diastereoselectivity was found to be modest (1.4-5:1) for the C-C bond forming reaction, the minor diastereomers were converted to 2,6-dioxabicyclo[3.3.0]octan-3-ones by an efficient Lewis acid-mediated epimerization cascade in up to 90% yield.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.orglett.8b02442 | DOI Listing |
Org Lett
November 2024
School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China.
A general and flexible platform for catalytic aldehyde-alkyne couplings triggered by ketyl radicals is described. This open-shell strategy necessitates only a catalytic quantity of a photoredox catalyst, along with Hünig's base (DIPEA) as a halogen atom transfer reagent. The reaction proceeds through sequential steps involving activation, halogen atom transfer, and radical addition.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Am Chem Soc
October 2024
School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, U.K.
Ketyl radicals are valuable reactive intermediates because they allow carbonyl chemistry to be extended beyond traditional electrophilic reactivity through simple single-electron reduction to a nucleophilic radical. However, this pathway is challenging due to the large negative reduction potentials of carbonyls, thus requiring highly reducing conditions. Herein, we describe the development of an alternative strategy to access ketyl radicals from aldehydes, which avoids the reduction pathway by instead proceeding via single-electron oxidation and desulfination of α-hydroxy sulfinates.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAngew Chem Int Ed Engl
May 2024
State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, and Chemical Biology Center, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China.
We have achieved the first total synthesis of pallamolides A-E. Of these compounds, pallamolides B-E possess intriguing tetracyclic skeletons with novel intramolecular transesterifications. Key transformations include highly diastereoselective sequential Michael addition reactions to construct the bicyclo[2.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Catal
June 2023
Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States.
Chemistry
January 2024
School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, P.O. Box 600, Wellington, 6012, New Zealand.
A simple sequential addition protocol for the reductive coupling of ketones and aldehydes by a potassium aluminyl grants access to unsymmetrical pinacolate derivatives. Isolation of an aluminium ketyl complex presents evidence for the accessibility of radical species. Product release from the aluminium centre was achieved using an iodosilane, forming the disilylated 1,2-diol and a neutral aluminium iodide, thereby demonstrating the steps required to generate a closed synthetic cycle for pinacol (cross) coupling at an aluminyl anion.
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