In this review for the first time systematized literature data about the impairments of glutamatergic transmission in the basolateral nucleus of the Amygdala which leading to increased levels of anxiety. It is known that increased anxiety is seen as a main motivating factor of desire for alcohol, thus involved in the manifestation of alcohol dependence. Reviewed structural-functional alterations in ionotropic and metabotropic glutamate receptors in acute, chronic ethanol exposure and withdrawal. Presents the data on the role of glutamate transporters in the pathogenesis of alcoholism.
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