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Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in equine sarcoid. | LitMetric

Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in equine sarcoid.

BMC Vet Res

Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, Naples University "Federico II", Via F. Delpino 1, 80137, Naples, Italy.

Published: September 2018

AI Article Synopsis

  • * Analysis of 25 sarcoid samples revealed strong presence of VEGF in most keratinocytes and fibroblasts, irregularly shaped blood vessels, and low levels of cell proliferation markers Ki67 and Bcl2.
  • * The findings suggest that high VEGF expression may contribute to sarcoid development by promoting blood vessel growth without proper maturation, possibly leading to a hypoxic environment that affects fibroblast activity.

Article Abstract

Background: Sarcoids are the mostcommon skin tumors in horses, characterized by rare regression, invasiveness and high recurrence following surgical intervention and Delta Papillomaviruses are widely recognized as the causative agents of the disease. In order to gain new insights into equine sarcoid development, we have evaluated, in 25 equine sarcoids, by immunohistochemistry and western blotting analysis, the expression levels of VEGF, Ki67 and bcl-2. Moreover, we have measured microvessel density and specific vessel parameters.

Results: All sarcoid samples showed a strong and finely granular cytoplasmatic staining for VEGF in the majority (90%) of keratinocytes, sarcoid fibroblasts and endothelial cells. Numerous small blood vessels, immunostained with Von Willebrand factor, often appeared irregular in shape and without a distinct lumen, with mean values of microvessel area and perimeter lower than normal. Moreover, in all sarcoid samples, Ki67 immunoreactivity was moderately positive in 5-10% of dermal sarcoid fibroblasts, while Bcl2 immunoreactivity was detected in 52% of the sarcoid samples, with a weak staining in 20-50% of dermal sarcoid fibroblasts. Biochemical analysis was consistent with immunohistochemical results.

Conclusions: This study has provided evidence that in equine sarcoid: VEGF was strongly expressed; the increased number of vessels was not associated with their complete maturation, probably leading to a hypoxic condition, which could increase VEGF synthesis; the levels of sarcoid fibroblasts proliferation were very low. Concluding, VEGF may have a role in equine sarcoid development, not only through the increase of angiogenesis, but also through the control of sarcoid fibroblast activity.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6122557PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12917-018-1576-zDOI Listing

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