Airborne transmission plays an important role in dissemination of H9N2 subtype avian influenza virus. Annexin II (A2)-mediated activation of plasminogen (PLG) promotes cleavage of the influenza virus HA protein and viral replication, resulting in enhanced pathogenesis. In this study, airborne transmission competent and defective strains of H9N2 influenza virus, SH7 and SH14, respectively, were used to investigate the effect of A2 on airborne spread. The results showed that A2 protein was increased in SH7 virions compared with SH14 particles, the binding ability of the SH7-infected MDCK cells to PLG was significantly higher than the SH14-infected cells, and influence efficiency of the PLG on replicated ability of SH7 virus was significantly stronger than that of SH14 virus, who spread without airborne route, indicating that the annexin 2 (A2) can bind PLG and contributes to SH7 with high replication ability. Furthermore, the copies of SH7 in the airborne infected chickens under inhibited by 6-AHA were significantly decreased, suggesting that the release of H9N2 avian influenza virus were reduced by inhibiting the conversion of PLG to PL, ultimately resulting in reduced airborne transmission of H9N2 avian influenza virus. In summary, A2-mediated conversion of PLG to PL plays a role in the airborne transmission capacity of H9N2 avian influenza viruses, and this interaction may represent potential targets for prevention and treatment of influenza virus infection.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2018.08.002 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
HA198 mutations in H9N2 avian influenza: molecular dynamics insights into receptor binding.
Front Vet Sci
January 2025
Jiangsu Agri-animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China.
Introduction: The H9N2 avian influenza virus is widely disseminated in poultry and poses a zoonotic threat, despite vaccination efforts. Mutations at residue 198 of hemagglutinin (HA) are critical for antigenic variation and receptor-binding specificity, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. This study explores the molecular mechanisms by which mutations at the HA 198 site affect the antigenicity, receptor specificity, and binding affinity of the H9N2 virus.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAll European Union (EU) Member States (MSs), along with Iceland, Norway, Switzerland and the United Kingdom (Northern Ireland), conduct surveillance for avian influenza (AI) in poultry and wild birds. EFSA, upon mandate of the European Commission, compiles and analyses this data in an annual report. This summary highlights findings from the 2023 surveillance activities.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInfection Screening and Vaccination of Adult and Pediatric Patients with Autoimmune Inflammatory Rheumatic Diseases: An Emirati Delphi Consensus.
Curr Rheumatol Rev
January 2025
Department of Rheumatology, Dubai Hospital, Dubai Academic Health Corporation, Dubai, United Arab Emirate.
Introduction: Patients with autoimmune and inflammatory rheumatic diseases (AIIRD) have an increased susceptibility to infections due to their compromised immune systems and the use of immunosuppressive therapies. Infections are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in these patients, emphasizing the need for strategies such as infection control and vaccination to prevent avoidable harm to both patients and healthcare workers. This study aims to provide expert consensus on infection screening and vaccination guidelines for AIIRD patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChanges in infant respiratory pathogens pre-, during, and post-COVID-19 non-pharmacological interventions in Beijing.
Ital J Pediatr
January 2025
Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, 100020, China.
Background: To explore the effect of non-pharmacological interventions (NPIs) on respiratory pathogen profiles among hospitalized infants aged 0-3 months in Beijing during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.
Methods: Respiratory specimens were collected from 1,184 infants aged 0-3 months who were hospitalized for acute respiratory infection at the Children's Hospital affiliated with the Capital Institute of Pediatrics from January 2018 to December 2023. The data were divided into three groups-the pre-epidemic (January 2018 to December 2019), epidemic prevention and control (January 2020 to December 2022), and post-epidemic (January 2023 to December 2023) groups-based on the outbreak of COVID-19 and the implementation and termination of NPIs.
Impact of COVID-19 pandemic measures on hospitalizations and epidemiological patterns of twelve respiratory pathogens in children with acute respiratory infections in southern China.
BMC Infect Dis
January 2025
Department of Respiratory, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518038, China.
Objectives: To investigate the impact of COVID-19 pandemic measures on hospitalizations and the alterations and persistence of the epidemiological patterns of 12 common respiratory pathogens in children during the COVID-19 pandemic and after the cessation of the "zero-COVID-19" policy in southern China.
Methods: Respiratory specimens were collected from hospitalized children with acute respiratory infections at Shenzhen Children's Hospital from January 2020 to June 2024. Twelve common respiratory pathogens were detected using multiplex PCR.
Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!