Male partner involvement in efforts to eliminate mother-to-child transmission of HIV in Kisumu County, Western Kenya, 2015.

Introduction: male partner involvement in elimination of mother-to-child transmission (eMTCT) of HIV activities remains low in Western Kenya, despite its importance in reducing rates of child HIV transmission. We sought to identify factors associated with male partner involvement in eMTCT in Kisumu East sub-County, Western Kenya.

Methods: we conducted a cross-sectional study among women aged ≥ 18 years who had children aged ≤ 12 months and were attending a child health clinic for immunization services in one of four Western Kenya health centers between February and April, 2015. We assessed male involvement using an "involvement index" of five factors of equal weight: partner antenatal care (ANC) attendance, partner HIV testing, partner financial support to the woman during ANC, partner awareness of ANC services and partner participation in decision making on contraception including condom use. Male involvement was classified as high or low based on their index score. We calculated odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) to identify factors associated with high male partner involvement.

Results: we recruited 216 female participants. Mean age was 26.1 years (± 5.5 years), 189 (87.5%) were married. The majority (94.4%) had attended ANC in public health facilities. Nineteen percent of women had high male involvement. Having > 8 years of formal education (AOR 3.9, CI = 1.51-10.08), having male partner who was employed, history of previous couple testing (AOR = 3.2, CI = 1.42-7.22) and reports of partner having read the mother-child booklet during ANC (AOR = 2.9, CI = 1.30-6.49), were associated with high male involvement.

Conclusion: based on our findings, we recommend targeted strategies to actively sensitize men and encourage their involvement in eMTCT, particularly among partners of women with fewer years of education and among partners who are not employed.