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The global, regional, and national late-life depression burden and trends from 1990 to 2021: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.
Arch Gerontol Geriatr
January 2025
The first Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China. Electronic address:
Background: Late-life depression (LLD) represents a growing global public health concern. This study aimed to assess the worldwide burden of LLD using comprehensive data.
Methods: Leveraging the latest evidence from the Global Burden of Disease Study, we analyzed trends in LLD burden from 1990 to 2021, encompassing incidence, prevalence, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs).
Ethical and security challenges in AI for forensic genetics: From bias to adversarial attacks.
Forensic Sci Int Genet
January 2025
Computer Science Department, University of Buenos Aires, Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Forensic scientists play a crucial role in assigning probabilities to evidence based on competing hypotheses, which is fundamental in legal contexts where propositions are presented usually by prosecution and defense. The likelihood ratio (LR) is a well-established metric for quantifying the statistical weight of the evidence, facilitating the comparison of probabilities under these hypotheses. Developing accurate LR models is inherently complex, as it relies on cumulative scientific knowledge.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDuodenogastric Reflux in Health and Disease: Insights from a Computational Fluid Dynamics Model of the Stomach.
Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol
January 2025
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA.
The stomach is responsible for physically and chemically processing the ingested meal before controlled emptying into the duodenum through the pyloric sphincter. An incompetent pylorus allows reflux from the duodenum back into the stomach, and if the amount of reflux is large enough, it could alter the low pH environment of the stomach and erode the mucosal lining of the lumen. In some cases, the regurgitated contents can also reach the esophagus leading to additional complications.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIdiopathic subglottic stenosis in a 32-year-old pregnant woman.
Eur Clin Respir J
January 2025
Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University & Department of Respiratory Diseases and Allergy, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.
Diagnosis of subglottic stenosis remains greatly a challenge for physicians due to case rarity and presentation of symptoms imitating several other more prevalent medical disorders. Idiopathic subglottic stenosis most often occurs in previously healthy perimenopausal Caucasian women. Several cases have reported symptom progression and increased stenosis, during or in between pregnancies in younger women.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPrimary Diffuse Leptomeningeal Melanomatosis Leading to Raised Intracranial Pressure in a Pediatric Patient.
Clin Case Rep
February 2025
Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Neurology Children's Medical Center, Pediatrics Center of Excellent, Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran.
A critical clinical consideration, in addition to other common risk factors predisposing individuals to idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH), involves the potential co-occurrence of increased intracranial pressure and elevated cerebrospinal fluid protein levels in the presence of underlying malignancies. Primary diffuse leptomeningeal melanomatosis, an exceptionally rare condition with few reported cases in the pediatric population, illustrates this scenario. Timely decision-making based on clinical suspicion to perform a biopsy and involving a skilled pathologist for accurate reporting are essential steps toward achieving a definitive diagnosis.
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