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Cell-specific transcriptional signatures of vascular cells in Alzheimer's disease: perspectives, pathways, and therapeutic directions.
Mol Neurodegener
January 2025
Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Center for Neuroimaging, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a debilitating neurodegenerative disease that is marked by profound neurovascular dysfunction and significant cell-specific alterations in the brain vasculature. Recent advances in high throughput single-cell transcriptomics technology have enabled the study of the human brain vasculature at an unprecedented depth. Additionally, the understudied niche of cerebrovascular cells, such as endothelial and mural cells, and their subtypes have been scrutinized for understanding cellular and transcriptional heterogeneity in AD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSorafenib enhanced the function of myeloid-derived suppressor cells in hepatocellular carcinoma by facilitating PPARα-mediated fatty acid oxidation.
Mol Cancer
January 2025
Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China.
Background: Sorafenib, an FDA-approved drug for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), faces resistance issues, partly due to myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) that enhance immunosuppression in the tumor microenvironment (TME).
Methods: Various murine HCC cell lines and MDSCs were used in a series of in vitro and in vivo experiments. These included subcutaneous tumor models, cell viability assays, flow cytometry, immunohistochemistry, and RNA sequencing.
Reductive acetogenesis is a dominant process in the ruminant hindgut.
Microbiome
January 2025
Key Laboratory for Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China.
Background: The microbes residing in ruminant gastrointestinal tracts play a crucial role in converting plant biomass to volatile fatty acids, which serve as the primary energy source for ruminants. This gastrointestinal tract comprises a foregut (rumen) and hindgut (cecum and colon), which differ in structures and functions, particularly with respect to feed digestion and fermentation. While the rumen microbiome has been extensively studied, the cecal microbiome remains much less investigated and understood, especially concerning the assembling microbial communities and overriding pathways of hydrogen metabolism.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVEGFR3 mitigates hypertensive nephropathy by enhancing mitophagy via regulating crotonylation of HSPA1L.
Cell Commun Signal
January 2025
Department of Cardiology, the 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China.
Oxidative stress-associated proximal tubular cells (PTCs) damage is an important pathogenesis of hypertensive renal injury. We previously reported the protective effect of VEGFR3 in salt-sensitive hypertension. However, the specific mechanism underlying the role of VEGFR3 in kidney during the overactivation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system remains unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe AhR pathway regulation in phthalates-induced cancer promotion, progression and metastasis: a scoping review.
Cancer Cell Int
January 2025
Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Medical Science, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
Background: Cancer remains a leading cause of death worldwide. Environmental factors, specifically endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), like phthalates, are increasingly being linked to cancer development. Phthalates, widely used in consumer products, can activate the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR).
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