Cassava geminivirus agroclones for virus-induced gene silencing in cassava leaves and roots.

Aim: We report the construction of a Virus-Induced Gene Silencing (VIGS) vector and an agroinoculation protocol for gene silencing in cassava ( Crantz) leaves and roots. The African cassava mosaic virus isolate from Nigeria (ACMV-[NOg]), which was initially cloned in a binary vector for agroinoculation assays, was modified for application as VIGS vector. The functionality of the VIGS vector was validated in and subsequently applied in wild-type and transgenic cassava plants expressing the gene under the control of the CaMV 35S promoter in order to facilitate the visualization of gene silencing in root tissues. VIGS vectors were targeted to the Mg2+-chelatase gene in wild type plants and both the coding and promoter sequences of the 35S:: transgene in transgenic plants to induce silencing. We established an efficient agro-inoculation method with the hyper-virulent strain AGL1, which allows high virus infection rates. The method can be used as a low-cost and rapid high-throughput evaluation of gene function in cassava leaves, fibrous roots and storage roots.

Background: VIGS is a powerful tool to trigger transient sequence-specific gene silencing . Gene silencing in different organs of cassava plants, including leaves, fibrous and storage roots, is useful for the analysis of gene function.

Results: We developed an -based VIGS vector as well as a rapid and efficient agro-inoculation protocol to inoculate cassava plants. The VIGS vector was validated by targeting endogenous genes from and cassava as well as the marker gene in transgenic cassava for visualization of gene silencing in cassava leaves and roots.

Conclusions: The -based VIGS vector allows efficient and cost-effective inoculation of cassava for high-throughput analysis of gene function in cassava leaves and roots.