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Consciousness disturbance in patients with chronic kidney disease: Rare but potentially treatable complication. Clinical and neuroradiological review.
Behav Brain Res
March 2025
Radiology and Neuroradiology Unit, Department of Imaging, Radiation Therapy and Hematology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli, 1, Rome 00168, Italy.
Article Synopsis
- In patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing dialysis, brain complications like Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome and uremic encephalopathy can develop, with their potential reversibility depending on early detection and treatment.
- Neurological symptoms can range widely from mild consciousness disturbances to coma, and imaging plays a crucial role in diagnosing the specific underlying issues.
- Complications linked to dialysis include Dialysis Disequilibrium Syndrome and Osmotic Demyelination Syndrome, each showing unique imaging patterns, but accurate diagnosis often requires a detailed clinical history and lab results due to occasionally overlapping features.
Osmotic demyelination syndrome in cancer patients: Risk even without rapid sodium correction - a scoping review.
J Neurol Sci
December 2024
Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Engineering University, No.81 Congtai Road, Congtai District, Handan 056002, Hebei Province, China. Electronic address:
Objective: To describe the clinical characteristics, therapeutic approaches, and prognostic outcomes of osmotic demyelination syndrome (ODS) in cancer patients.
Methods: A comprehensive literature search (January 1950-March 2024) using PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science. Keywords included "osmotic demyelination and cancer", "central pontine myelinolysis and cancer", and "extrapontine myelinolysis and cancer", "Osmotic demyelination and malignancy," "Central pontine myelinolysis and malignancy," and "Extrapontine myelinolysis and malignancy.
Cavitating Osmotic Demyelination Syndrome Following Correction of Chronic Hyponatremia in Sheehan's Syndrome: A Novel Case Report.
Neurohospitalist
September 2024
Department of Neurology, University Hospital "12 de Octubre", Madrid, Spain.
Article Synopsis
- Rapid correction of chronic hyponatremia can lead to osmotic demyelination syndrome (ODS), especially in patients with underlying conditions like Sheehan’s syndrome, a rare pituitary disorder following severe postpartum hemorrhage.
- A case report details a 40-year-old woman who experienced neurological decline due to the correction of her long-standing hyponatremia, which had been mismanaged for years, leading to extrapontine and then central pontine myelinolysis.
- The case emphasizes that even gradual correction of low sodium levels poses risks and highlights the need for careful management in patients with chronic hyponatremia and related conditions.
Osmotic demyelination syndrome: revisiting the diagnostic criteria through two fatal cases.
BMC Neurol
November 2024
Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic and Orthopedic Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, 00185, Italy.
Background: Osmotic Demyelination Syndrome (ODS) encompasses Central Pontine Myelinolysis and Extrapontine Myelinolysis, both of which are serious neurological conditions linked to the overly rapid correction of hyponatremia. Despite growing evidence, the exact etiology of ODS remains incompletely understood. The present paper describes two case studies, aiming to provide a comprehensive overview of the pathological findings and clinical outcomes associated with ODS.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExploring Uncommon Neurologic Complication in Young Diabetics with Osmotic Demyelination Syndrome: A Case Series and Literature Review.
Ann Indian Acad Neurol
September 2024
Department of Cardiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Chattisgarh, India.
Article Synopsis
- Osmotic demyelination syndrome (ODS) is usually linked to fast treatment of low sodium levels (hyponatremia), but its connection to high blood sugar (hyperglycemia) in diabetics is not well explored.
- This report discusses two young patients who developed ODS alongside hyperglycemia, highlighting that they experienced central pontine and extrapontine myelinolysis.
- The cases emphasize the need to understand the neurological risks associated with high blood sugar levels.*
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