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http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2018-225996 | DOI Listing |
Int J Mol Sci
January 2025
Department of Functional Biochemistry of the Nervous System, Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117485, Russia.
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the primary causes of mortality and disability, with arterial blood pressure being an important factor in the clinical management of TBI. Spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs), widely used as a model of essential hypertension and vascular dementia, demonstrate dysfunction of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, which may contribute to glucocorticoid-mediated hippocampal damage. The aim of this study was to assess acute post-TBI seizures, delayed mortality, and hippocampal pathology in SHRs and normotensive Sprague Dawley rats (SDRs).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhysiol Behav
January 2025
University of Northern Parana (UNOPAR), Londrina, PR, Brazil.. Electronic address:
Undernutrition has increased worldwide in recent years and it is known that environmental factors to which individuals are exposed in early life can result in metabolic and reproductive changes that remain in adult life. In this context, the litter size expansion is a classic model used to induce undernutrition early in development. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of neonatal undernutrition induced by the litter size expansion on metabolic and reproductive parameters of female rats.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Biochem Mol Toxicol
February 2025
Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, People's Republic of China.
The coexistence of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and chronic pain (CP) in the elderly population has been extensively documented, and a growing body of evidence supports the potential interconnections between these two conditions. This comprehensive review explores the mechanisms by which CP may contribute to the development and progression of AD, with a particular focus on neuroinflammatory pathways and the role of microglia, as well as the activation of the NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome. The review proposes that prolonged pain processing in critical brain regions can dysregulate the activity of the NLRP3 inflammasome within microglia, leading to the overproduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines and excessive oxidative stress in these regions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhytother Res
January 2025
Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic.
This narrative review describes the provenance and chemical composition of Vitex agnus-castus, as well as the currently available knowledge concerning its action. To search the related articles, Cochrane Library, PubMed, Web of Science, SCOPUS databases between the years 1995 and 2024, and the keywords "Vitex," "review," "fertility," "ovarian" and "mechanisms" were used in various combinations. The data listed in this review demonstrate that Vitex agnus-castus and its constituents (isoflavones and essential oils) affect a number of physiological actions via multiple extra- and intracellular mechanisms of action.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBrain Sci
January 2025
Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea.
The significant correlation between ancient medicinal practices and brain function marks a revolutionary frontier in the field of neuroscience. Acupuncture, a traditional oriental medicine, can affect brain regions, such as the hypothalamus, anterior cingulate, posterior cingulate, and hippocampus, and produces specific therapeutic effects, such as pain relief, suppression of hypertension, and alleviation of drug addiction. Among the brain regions, the hypothalamus, a small yet critical region in the brain, plays a pivotal role in maintaining homeostasis by regulating a wide array of physiological processes, including stress responses, energy balance, and pain modulation.
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