A common feature of the aging process is a decline in immune system performance. Extensive research has sought to elucidate how changes in adaptive immunity contribute to aging and to provide evidence showing that changes in innate immunity have an important role in the overall decline of net immune function. is an emerging model used to address questions related to immunosenescence via research that integrates its capacity for genetic dissection of aging with groundbreaking molecular biology related to innate immunity. Herein, we review information on the immunosenescence of and suggest its possible mechanisms that involve changes in insulin/IGF(insulin-like growth factor)-1 signaling, hormones such as juvenile hormone and 20-hydroxyecdysone, and feedback system degeneration. Lastly, the emerging role of microbiota on the regulation of immunity and aging in is discussed.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms19092472 | DOI Listing |
Physiol Plant
December 2024
College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China.
Valsa canker, caused by fungal pathogens in Valsa species, is a fungal disease of apple and pear growing in China and even in Asia. Malectin-like kinases play crucial roles in plant recognition of the pathogen-induced signals and subsequent activation of partially host immune responses. However, the role of MEDOS1 (MDS1), a Malectin-like kinase, in plant immunity has not yet been extensively explored.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWiley Interdiscip Rev RNA
December 2024
Laboratory of Biochemistry and Genetics, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
Ribonuclease L is an endonuclease that is activated as part of the dsRNA-driven innate immune response. Active RNase L cleaves pathogenic RNAs as a way to eliminate infections. However, there are additional and unexpected ways that RNase L causes changes in the host that promote an immune response and contribute to its role in host defense.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhysiol Plant
December 2024
Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Taastrup, Denmark.
The classic plant growth-promoting phytohormone cytokinin has been identified and established as a mediator of pathogen resistance in different plant species. However, the resistance effect of structurally different cytokinins appears to vary and may regulate diverse mechanisms to establish resistance. Hence, we comparatively analysed the impact of six different adenine- and phenylurea-type cytokinins on the well-established pathosystem Nicotiana tabacum-Pseudomonas syringae.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Plant Biol
December 2024
Rice Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, 350018, China.
Background: Rice is the main food crop for much of the population in China. Therefore, selecting and breeding new disease resistance and drought tolerance in rice is essential to ensure national food security. The utilization of heterosis has significantly enhanced rice productivity, yet many of the molecular mechanisms underlying this phenomenon remain largely unexplored.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Neurochem
January 2025
Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
The complex relationship between inflammation, its effects on neuronal excitability and the ensuing plasticity of dorsal root ganglion (DRG) sensory neurons remains to be fully explored. In this study, we have employed a system of experiments assessing the impact of inflammatory conditioned media derived from activated immune cells on the excitability and activity of DRG neurons and how this relates to subsequent growth responses of these cells. We show here that an early phase of increased neuronal activity in response to inflammatory conditioned media is critical for the engagement of plastic processes and that neuronal excitability profiles are linked through time to the structural phenotype of individual neurons.
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