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Reconstructing Covert Consciousness: Neural Decoding as a Novel Consciousness Assessment.
Neurology
February 2025
Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.
Determining the level of consciousness in patients with brain injury-and more fundamentally, establishing what they can experience-is ethically and clinically impactful. Patient behaviors may unreliably reflect their level of consciousness: a subset of unresponsive patients demonstrate covert consciousness by willfully modulating their brain activity to commands through fMRI or EEG. However, current paradigms for assessing covert consciousness remain fundamentally limited because they are insensitive, rely on imperfect assumptions of functional neuroanatomy, and do not reflect the spectrum of conscious experience.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntraprocedural Three-Dimensional Imaging Registration Optimizes Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Guided Focused Ultrasound and Facilitates Novel Applications.
Oper Neurosurg (Hagerstown)
November 2024
Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pennsylvania Health System, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Background And Objective: Transcranial magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS) has revolutionized ablative treatment of essential tremor in recent years. However, limitations in precision targeting may account for suboptimal efficacy and significant side effects. We describe a simple intraprocedural three-dimensional image-guided lesion shaping technique that can improve overall outcomes of MRgFUS for essential tremor and facilitate expansion to novel indications.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUltra-Low-Field Portable Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Patients With Cardiac Devices: Current Evidence and Future Directions.
ASAIO J
January 2025
From the Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
The use of cardiac devices, including mechanical circulatory support (MCS), cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs), and pacing wires, has increased and significantly improved survival in patients with severe cardiac failure. However, these devices are frequently associated with acute brain injuries (ABIs) including ischemic strokes, intracranial hemorrhages, seizures, and hypoxic-ischemic brain injury which contribute substantially to morbidity and mortality. Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), the standard imaging modalities for ABI diagnosis, can pose significant challenges in this patient population due to the risks associated with patient transportation and the incompatibility of ferromagnetic components of certain cardiac devices with high magnetic field of the MRI.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRight Ventricular Myocardial Infarction: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Therapeutic Approaches.
Cardiol Rev
January 2025
Departments of Cardiology and Medicine, New York Medical College and Westchester Medical Center, Valhalla, NY.
Right ventricular myocardial infarction (RVMI) is a significant and distinct form of acute myocardial infarction associated with considerable morbidity and mortality. It occurs most commonly due to proximal right coronary artery obstruction, often in conjunction with inferior myocardial infarction. RVMI poses unique diagnostic and therapeutic challenges due to the anatomical and functional differences between the right and left ventricles.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMultilayer Composite Electrodes for Simultaneously Improved Mechanical and Electrochemical Performance.
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces
January 2025
The Harold & Inge Marcus Department of Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States.
Structural batteries offer a transformative approach to integrate energy storage directly into the frameworks of electric vehicles and aircrafts, enabling multifunctional construction. This study presents a nacre-inspired multilayer composite electrode fabricated via the cold sintering process (CSP), achieving a balance of enhanced electrochemical performance and mechanical robustness. The composite electrode combines active electrode materials with a ductile conducting polymer-carbon-mixture phase in a layered architecture.
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