AI Article Synopsis

  • Samarra served as the capital of the Abbasid Caliphate from 836 to 892 CE and showcases significant early Islamic art and architecture through archaeological discoveries, particularly in glass artefacts.
  • Excavations over a century ago initiated scientific Islamic archaeology, uncovering evidence of a sophisticated glass industry and highlighting the connections between local production and imported items in the context of Samarra's economic and cultural landscape.
  • High-resolution analysis of glass from Samarra reveals distinct compositions tied to specific object types, confirming historical accounts of glass production in the area and the importation of notable artifacts like Byzantine mosaic tesserae.

Article Abstract

Capital of the Abbasid Caliphate between 836 and 892 CE, the palace-city of Samarra offers a precise window into early Islamic art and architecture. Excavations conducted more than 100 years ago are seen as the beginnings of scientific Islamic archaeology, and have yielded an exceptional array of finds including a wealth of glass artefacts. The chemical composition of glass reflects the nature of the raw materials and their geological provenance and can therefore reveal past technologies and economic and cultural interactions. Through high-resolution analysis of a comprehensive glass assemblage from Samarra we have new evidence that points to the existence of an advanced Abbasid glass industry, as well as the import of specific glass objects for the thriving new capital city. Quantitative analytical data of 58 elements by laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) show a striking correlation between object types and glass compositions. The compositional profiles of two related plant ash groups of architectural glass point to a local production, destined for the decoration of the famed glass walls of Abbasid palaces. The selective use of objects, materials and colours to create reflective and luminous glass walls are indicative of the great cultural and economic value of glass during the Abbasid period. Our findings thus confirm the veracity of written sources that stipulate the production of glass in the vicinity of Samarra, as well as the import of selected artefacts such as Byzantine mosaic tesserae.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6104971PMC
http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0201749PLOS

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