Background: African Americans (AAs) present with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors at younger ages than whites. Consequently, CVD and stroke occur at a higher incidence and at earlier decades in life in AA populations. Arterial stiffness is a predictor of CVD outcomes and partially explains the CVD risk experienced by racial minorities. We evaluated the differences in arterial stiffness observed in AAs and whites through a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Methods: We searched PubMed and SCOPUS for comparative studies published March 1995 to November 29, 2017 comparing arterial stiffness assessments (pulse wave velocity, augmentation index, and central blood pressure) between AAs and whites. Two independent reviewers examined 195 titles/abstracts, 85 full text articles and 11 articles were included in the meta-analysis using random effects modeling approaches.
Main Results: A total of 5060 white and 3225 AAs were included across 11 relevant studies. Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) measures were statistically different between AAs and whites (mean difference = -0.44, 95% confidence interval [CI]: -[-0.67, -0.21], p = 0.0002). Aortic femoral pulse wave velocity was significantly different between AAs and whites (mean difference = -0.21, [95% CI] -0.35, -0.07, p = 0.003) regardless of sex. Augmentation index (AIx) and Augmentation index at a 75 beats per minutes heart rate (AIx @75) was also significantly different between AA and whites (mean difference = -4.36 [95% CI] = -6.59, -2,12, p = 0.0001 and -6.26, [95% CI] = -9.19, -3.33, p < 0.0001, respectively).
Conclusions: Racial disparities in arterial stiffness persist among African American racial groups in the United States. The lack of homogeneity in studies capturing racial disparities in cfPWV suggest that additional studies are needed to understand the magnitude of racial differences in African Americans and whites that might be clinically relevant.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6620781 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnma.2018.06.001 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Feasibility of Measuring Context Specific Sedentary Behavior and Pulse Wave Velocity in Endometrial Cancer Survivors.
Integr Cancer Ther
March 2025
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Purpose: Sedentary behavior (SB) contributes to the heightened risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in endometrial cancer survivors (ECS). This feasibility study aimed to evaluate key outcomes to assess the practicality of SB reduction interventions for ECS. Secondary aims included SB domain assessment and preliminary efficacy testing of the relationship between SB and arterial stiffness.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPedal acceleration time is related to arterial stiffness in patients with chronic limb-threatening ischemia.
J Vasc Bras
February 2025
Faculdade Ciências Médicas de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil.
Background: Pedal acceleration time (PAT) is a novel indicator of peripheral arterial disease in the lower limbs. Elevated PAT values are associated with worse limb ischemia. Arterial stiffness indexes are another class of indicators recently studied in patients with chronic limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImpact of higher resistance exercise and bathing habits on cardiovascular risks in older adults.
Int J Biometeorol
March 2025
Laboratory of Neuromuscular Biomechanics, School of Health and Sport Science, Chukyo University, 101 Tokodachi, Kaizu-cho, Toyota, Aichi, 470-0393, Japan.
This study investigated whether higher intensity of resistance exercise habit not only lead to greater muscle strength but also higher levels of hypertension and arterial stiffness, while these cardiovascular risks would be reduced by bathing habit in older adults. One hundred ninety-six older adults asked questionnaire about resistance exercise and bathing habits, along with the International Physical Activity Questionnaire Long form to evaluate physical activity and aerobic exercise habits. Maximum knee extension strength (MVC), systolic blood pressure (SBP), and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) were measured in fall.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe sex-specific difference in age-related aortic regional morphological changes.
Aging Clin Exp Res
March 2025
Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, People's Republic of China.
Background: This study aims to investigate the influence of sex on age-related changes in aortic morphology using computed tomography (CT) imaging.
Method: Patients who underwent contrast-enhanced chest and abdominal CT between July 2021 and April 2022 were enrolled and stratified into six groups. Sex-specific comparisons of body surface area (BSA)-adjusted aortic diameters and tortuosity were performed across different groups.
Effect of 12-week dietary nitrate supplementation on carotid arterial stiffness in postmenopausal females.
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol
March 2025
Multidisciplinary Center UFRJ-Macaé, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Macaé, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Menopause is associated with reduced nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability, a key contributor to increased arterial stiffness and, consequently, greater risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD)-related mortality in postmenopausal females. Even though dietary nitrate has been shown to increase NO bioavailability in postmenopausal females acutely, previous studies showed no impact of dietary nitrate supplementation on arterial stiffness in postmenopausal females. Their findings were likely limited by the acute and/or short-term design.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!