Characterizing the Effects of Glutathione as an Immunoadjuvant in the Treatment of Tuberculosis.

is the etiological agent that is responsible for causing tuberculosis (TB), which continues to affect millions of people worldwide, and the rate of resistance of to antibiotics is ever increasing. We tested the synergistic effects of -acetyl cysteine (NAC; the precursor molecule for the synthesis of glutathione [GSH]) and individual first-line antibiotics typically given for the treatment of TB, such as isoniazid (INH), rifampin (RIF), ethambutol (EMB), and pyrazinamide (PZA), to improve the ability of macrophages to control intracellular infection. GSH, a pleiotropic antioxidant molecule, has previously been shown to display both antimycobacterial and immune-enhancing effects. Our results indicate that there was not only an increase in beneficial immunomodulatory effects but also a greater reduction in the intracellular viability of when macrophages were treated with the combination of antibiotics (INH, RIF, EMB, or PZA) and NAC.