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The impact of transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation on anterior cingulate cortex activity in a cognitive control task.
Psychophysiology
January 2025
Biological Psychology Lab, Department of Psychology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany.
Transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation (tVNS) offers a non-invasive method to enhance noradrenergic neurotransmission in the human brain, thereby increasing cognitive control. Here, we investigate if changes in cognitive control induced by tVNS are mediated through locus coeruleus-induced modifications of neural activity in the anterior cingulate cortex. Young healthy participants engaged in a simple cognitive control task focusing on response inhibition and a more complex task that involved both response inhibition and working memory, inside a magnetic resonance imaging scanner.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSafety Assessment of Influenza Vaccination for Neurological Outcomes Among Older Adults in Japan: A Self-Controlled Case Series Study.
Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf
January 2025
Department of Clinical Epidemiology & Health Economics, School of Public Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Purpose: To assess adverse neurological risks following influenza vaccination in older adults.
Methods: Using a linked database of healthcare administrative claims data and vaccination records from an urban city in Japan (April 1, 2014, to March 31, 2020), we conducted an observational study utilizing a self-controlled case series design. We identified individuals aged ≥ 65 years who experienced adverse neurological outcomes, defined as hospitalizations related to epilepsy, paralysis, facial paralysis, neuralgia, neuritis, optic neuritis, migraine, extrapyramidal disorders, Guillain-Barre syndrome, or narcolepsy.
Imprecision nutrition? Intraindividual variability of glucose responses to duplicate presented meals in adults without diabetes.
Am J Clin Nutr
January 2025
Laboratory of Biological Modeling, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States. Electronic address:
Background: Continuous glucose monitors (CGMs) are used to characterize postprandial glucose responses and provide personalized dietary advice to minimize glucose excursions. The efficacy of such advice depends on reliable glucose responses.
Objectives: To explore within-subject variability of CGM responses to duplicate presented meals in an inpatient setting.
Refining within-subject biological variation estimation using routine laboratory data: practical applications of the refineR algorithm.
Clin Chem Lab Med
December 2024
Hormone Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, 60498 Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.
A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of a GHSR blocker in people with alcohol use disorder.
JCI Insight
December 2024
Clinical Psychoneuroendocrinology and Neuropsychopharmacology Section, Translational Addiction Medicine Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA) Division of Intramural Clinical and Biological Research, NIH, Baltimore and Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
BACKGROUNDStudies have demonstrated the role of ghrelin in alcohol-related behaviors and consumption. Blockade of the growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHSR), which is the ghrelin receptor, has been shown to decrease alcohol drinking and reward-related behaviors across several animal models. We previously conducted a human study testing a GHSR inverse agonist/competitive antagonist, PF-5190457, in individuals who are heavy drinkers and showed its safety when coadministered with alcohol.
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