Objective: The goal was to determine if inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) for 3 weeks during neonatal care of high-risk preterm infants was associated with improved pulmonary function and exercise capacity or altered exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) levels in later childhood.
Study Design: Thirty-four very preterm children previously enrolled in a randomized, neonatal trial of iNO to prevent chronic lung disease, were assessed in follow-up at 7 to 9 years of age, including pulmonary function testing (PFT), exercise testing, and measurement of FeNO.
Results: There were no differences in PFTs or exercise capacity between iNO treated and controls. FeNO levels showed large interpatient variability but tended to be lower in the iNO treated.
Conclusion: Findings indicate no overall differences in pulmonary function or exercise capacity for children who had neonatal iNO treatment compared with placebo.
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