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Oral Food Challenge Protocols in Food Protein-Induced Enterocolitis Syndrome: A Systematic Review.
J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract
December 2024
Section of Inflammation, Repair and Development, National Heart and Lung Institute. Imperial College London, London, UK. Electronic address:
Background: Oral Food Challenges (OFC) are essential for the diagnosis and follow-up of acute Food Protein-Induced Enterocolitis Syndrome (FPIES) because no diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers are available. However, the optimal OFC procedure remains unclear.
Objectives: This systematic review aimed to assess OFC procedures' design and clinical outcomes in patients with FPIES.
Non-immunoglobulin E-mediated food allergy.
Allergy Asthma Clin Immunol
December 2024
Division of Allergy, Department of Pediatrics, Dalhousie University, IWK Health Centre, Halifax, NS, Canada.
Non-immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated food allergies are characterized by delayed gastrointestinal (GI) manifestations that occur after exposure to an inciting food protein; they include food protein-induced allergic proctocolitis (FPIAP), food protein-induced enteropathy (FPE), and food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES). Although the exact mechanisms underlying these disorders are not well understood, non-IgE-mediated food allergies likely represent a spectrum of disease with shared pathophysiological processes. Typically, these non-IgE-mediated food allergies begin in infancy or early childhood, although FPIES can present across the lifespan, with increasing reports in adults in recent years.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCurrent status and future directions in food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome: An NIAID workshop report of the June 22, 2022, virtual meeting.
J Allergy Clin Immunol
November 2024
Allergy, Immunology and Transplantation, NIAID, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Md.
Article Synopsis
- - Food Protein-Induced Enterocolitis (FPIES) is a type of food allergy that occurs primarily in children and is characterized by symptoms such as delayed vomiting, lethargy, and pale skin, typically emerging 1-4 hours after consuming the allergen.
- - Despite increasing recognition of FPIES, its exact causes remain unknown, and there are no specific tests to diagnose or track the condition's progress.
- - A recent workshop by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) focused on FPIES, discussing current understanding, research gaps, and future priorities for improving diagnosis and management.
Formulation of adult food-protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome diagnostic scoring system differentiating from immediate-type food allergy.
Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol
October 2024
Division of Eosinophilic Gastrointestinal Disorders, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan; Allergy Center, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan.
Background: Adult food-protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES) has recently been recognized, and there are no international diagnostic criteria for this disease. Differentiating adult FPIES from immediate-type food allergy reactions and providing specific treatment for each in an emergency are important, but methods have not been developed.
Objective: To develop a diagnostic scoring system for adult FPIES by comparing it with an immediate-type food allergy (IgE-mediated food allergy [IgE-FA]).
IgE and non-IgE food allergy: A review of immunological mechanisms.
J Food Allergy
July 2024
From the Department of Pediatrics.
Background: Food allergic (FA) conditions have been classified as immunoglobulin E (IgE) and non-IgE-mediated reactions that affect as many as 8% of young children and 2% of adults in Western countries, and their prevalence seems to be rising. Although the immunologic basis of IgE-mediated FA is well established, the mechanisms that govern non-IgE-mediated FA are not well understood and are marked by a paucity of comprehensive insights.
Objective: The purpose of the present report is to examine the current classification and epidemiology of non-IgE-mediated FA, the latest immunologic mechanisms that underlie the three most commonly cited non-IgE FA conditions, eosinophilic esophagitis, food protein-induced enterocolitis, and food protein-induced allergic proctocolitis, and explore what allergist/immunologists in practice should be aware of with regard to the condition.
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