We present a method to increase the resolution of holographically projected images by the use of a collective matrix of two phase-only spatial light modulators. As a result of fine alignment and common coherent illumination of the modulators, a synthetic aperture is formed with a doubled number of active pixels. In this paper we present theoretical analysis and numerical simulations which stand in good agreement for different distances between the apertures of modulators. We have achieved experimentally controlled field interference from both modulators on the projection screen, exhibiting increased resolution in one spatial direction and residual effects of the dead space between modulators. Then we have proved numerically possibility to extend our approach on bigger synthetic apertures consisted of more than two modulators.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OE.26.017158 | DOI Listing |
Microbes of nearly every species can form biofilms, communities of cells bound together by a self-produced matrix. It is not understood how variation at the cellular level impacts putatively beneficial, colony-level behaviors, such as cell-to-cell signaling. Here we investigate this problem with an agent-based computational model of metabolically driven electrochemical signaling in Bacillus subtilis biofilms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDev Cell
December 2024
Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA. Electronic address:
The coordinated movement of cell collectives is essential for normal epithelial tissue development, maintenance, and cancer progression. Here, we report on a minimal 3D extracellular matrix (ECM) system wherein both invasive collective migration (ICM) and rotational collective migration (RCM) arise spontaneously from individually seeded epithelial cells of mammary and hepatic origin, regardless of whether they express adherens junctions, and lead to ductal-like and acinar-like structures, respectively. Quantitative microscopy and cellular Potts modeling reveal that initial differences in cell protrusion dynamics and matrix-remodeling localization generate RCM and ICM behavior in confining 3D ECM.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSoft Matter
December 2024
William A. Brookshire Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, 4226 Martin Luther King Boulevard, Houston, Texas, 77204-4004, USA.
We investigate the dynamics of tracer nanoparticles in bulk supercooled nanoparticle matrices using confocal microscopy. We mix fluorescent (tracer) and undyed (matrix) charged-stabilized polystyrene nanoparticles with tracer-to-matrix particle size ratios = 0.34, 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPsychiatriki
December 2024
Associate Professor of Psychiatry, University of Thessaly Medical School Head, Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Larisa Chair, World Psychiatric Association, Section of Disaster Psychiatry.
Disasters, both natural and man-made, impose a significant burden on the mental health of individuals, communities, and societies. The frequency and intensity of disasters is increasing; 3-4 fold compared to the last century, with 400-500 significant disasters/year, affecting >1.5 billion people worldwide and costing 250-400 billion dollars/year.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSensors (Basel)
November 2024
Deep Space Exploration Laboratory, Beijing 100195, China.
This paper focuses on simultaneous estimation of states and faults for a linear time-invariant (LTI) system observed by sensor networks. Each sensor node is equipped with an observer, which uses only local measurements and local interaction with neighbors for monitoring. The observability of said observer is analyzed where non-local observability of a sensor node is required in terms of the system state and faults.
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