The development of γ-thionorleucine (ThioNle) as a handle for native chemical ligation-desulfurization is reported here. ThioNle is a new addition to the expanding thiolated amino acid toolbox and serves as a methionine substitute in NCL with the advantage that it lacks the undesirable oxidation-prone thioether moiety. Its usefulness for N-terminal ubiquitination is demonstrated by efficient preparation of fully synthetic linear diubiquitin with preserved protein folding compared to the expressed material. Interestingly, gel-based deubiquitinating assays revealed that the methionine to norleucine substitution did affect diubiquitin cleavage, which may indicate a more profound role for methionine in the interaction between ubiquitin and the deubiquitinating enzymes than has been known so far.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8ob01627e | DOI Listing |
Langmuir
December 2024
Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States.
Circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy has emerged as a potent tool for probing chiral small-molecule ligand exchange on natively achiral quantum dots (QDs). In this study, we report a novel approach to identifying QD-biomolecule interactions by inducing chirality in CdS QDs using thermoresponsive elastin-like polypeptides (ELPs) engineered with C-terminal cysteine residues. Our method is based on a versatile two-step ligand exchange process starting from monodisperse oleate-capped QDs in nonpolar media and proceeding through an easily accessed achiral glycine-capped QD intermediate.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCurr Opin Chem Biol
December 2024
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA. Electronic address:
Enzymes catalyze molecular reactions with remarkable efficiency and selectivity under mild conditions. Photoactivated enzymes make use of a light-absorbing chromophore to drive chemical transformations, ideally using sunlight as an energy source. The direct attachment of a chromophore to native enzymes is advantageous, as information on the underlying catalytic mechanisms can be obtained.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiomater Res
December 2024
Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, South Korea.
Hair follicle cells reside within a complex extracellular matrix (ECM) environment in vivo, where physical and chemical cues regulate their behavior. The ECM is crucial for hair follicle development and regeneration, particularly through epithelial-mesenchymal interactions. Current in vitro models often fail to replicate this complexity, leading to inconsistencies in evaluating hair loss treatments.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEpigenetics Chromatin
December 2024
Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania.
DNA methylation is an essential epigenetic mechanism for regulation of gene expression, through which many physiological (X-chromosome inactivation, genetic imprinting, chromatin structure and miRNA regulation, genome defense, silencing of transposable elements) and pathological processes (cancer and repetitive sequences-associated diseases) are regulated. Nanopore sequencing has emerged as a novel technique that can analyze long strands of DNA (long-read sequencing) without chemically treating the DNA. Interestingly, nanopore sequencing can also extract epigenetic status of the nucleotides (including both 5-Methylcytosine and 5-hydroxyMethylcytosine), and a large variety of bioinformatic tools have been developed for improving its detection properties.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnviron Pollut
December 2024
São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Engineering Bauru, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Bauru, SP, Brazil. Electronic address:
Unsafe water has severe implications for human health. Among sanitary wastewater treatment technologies, those that treat effluent in the most natural way possible (avoiding chemicals) need to be employed to minimize environmental damage upon release. Microalgae-based systems are one of the more economical and sustainable methods.
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