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Combination of Cloxacillin and Essential Oil of as an Alternative Against . | LitMetric

Combination of Cloxacillin and Essential Oil of as an Alternative Against .

Front Vet Sci

Laboratory of Pharmacological and Toxicological Studies (LEFyT), Faculty of Veterinary Science, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina.

Published: August 2018

AI Article Synopsis

  • The misuse of antibiotics in both human and animal medicine has led to increased antibiotic resistance, prompting the exploration of alternative solutions like essential oils, particularly from the Myrtaceae family, which have shown antimicrobial activity.
  • The study focused on the interaction between cloxacillin (CLOX), a commonly used veterinary antibiotic, and an essential oil (EO) extracted via steam distillation that primarily consists of 1.8 cineole, limonene, and α-pinene.
  • Results indicated a significant synergistic effect between CLOX and EO, especially in more acidic environments, which lowered the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of CLOX required to effectively kill bacteria.

Article Abstract

The emergence of resistance to antibiotics has been favored by abuse in the application of antimicrobials in human and animal medicine. Essential oils are a great resource to deal with this crisis. belongs to the family of Myrtaceae, rich in species with essential oils. Plant extracts has shown antimicrobial activity in many investigations. Cloxacillin (CLOX) is an antibiotic widely used in veterinary medicine against . Our aim was to assess pharmacodynamic interaction established by combining essential oil of (EO) with CLOX in search of a synergistic effect that maximizes the antibacterial activity against . The EO was obtained by steam distillation and its composition was analyzed by a GC-FID-MS. The most abundant components in the EO were 1.8 cineole (72.3%), limonene (7.8%). and α-pinene (6%). We worked with wild type strains ( = 3) isolated from Holstein cows, and ATCC 29213 as the reference strain. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of CLOX, EO and the combination was determined by microdilution in broth at pH 7.4; 6.5 and 5.0. The checkerboard method was applied to evaluate the interaction between CLOX and EO. The Fractional Inhibitory Concentration index (FIC) was established. From those combinations that yielded the lowest FIC values, we evaluated the index of antibacterial activity (E), established as the difference between the Log values of the number of viable bacteria at the initial (nt) and at the end of the test (nt). So, time-killing curves with CLOX and EO/CLOX combination at 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 8 fold the MIC in broth at pH 7.4; 6.5 and 5.0 were prepared. We considered Bacteriostatic effect ( = 0) Bactericidal effect ( = -3) and Effect of virtual eradication of bacteria ( = -4). A clear synergic activity between the EO and the CLOX was demonstrated, which allows reducing the MIC of β-lactam against . This interaction was favored by acidification of the medium, where lower concentrations of CLOX achieved a bactericidal effect, close to virtual eradication, in the presence of small amounts of EO.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6082948PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2018.00177DOI Listing

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