The chemical vapor generation atomic absorption spectrometry technique is extremely popular for trace analysis specifically hydride generation continuous flow systems for arsenic, antimony, selenium and cold vapor for mercury. Optimizing the instrument parameters as well as the hydride generating reactions will improve the sensitivity and reliability of the results obtained. The advantage of optimizing these conditions increases the production of hydrides or vapor species formed thereby improving recoveries. In addition this helps to reduce chemical interferences from other species that may compete with the analyte of interest for hydride formation. Parameters optimized include: •Reagent flow rate•Sample flow rate•Argon flow rate•Acetylene/Air ratio•Concentration of reagents•Read delay time For the analytical procedure the flow rate of the reagents and sample was affected by the tension on the peristaltic pump and the size of the tubing. The optimized flow rate for all reagents was between 0.9-1.0 mL/min and between 6-7 mL/min for the sample when both conditions were applied. The optimized type and concentrations of the reducing agent for Arsenic, Antimony and Selenium were NaBH4 (0.6% w/v), NaBH4 (0.7% w/v) and NaBH4 (0.1% w/v) in NaOH (0.5% w/v) respectively and SnCl2 (25% w/v) in HCl (20% v/v) for Mercury. The concentration and type of acid that produced the optimum signals for Arsenic, Antimony and Selenium were 5, 10 and 10 mol/dm-3 respectively. The flow rates for the carrier gas (Argon) for Arsenic, Antimony, Selenium and Mercury were optimized at 0.2, 0.2, 2.0 and 2.0 mL/min respectively. The optimized flow rate for fuel gas (Acetylene) for all the metals except Mercury was 2.5 mL/min. The optimized Instrument Read Delay Time for Mercury was 70 s and 20 s for Arsenic, Antimony and Selenium.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mex.2018.07.016 | DOI Listing |
Environ Pollut
January 2025
State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology & School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, PR China.
Elevated concentrations of antimony (Sb) in the environment originating from natural and anthropogenic sources are of global concern due to their high toxicity and mobility. Notably, the formation of thioantimony species (e.g.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
January 2025
Department of Botany, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, (A Central University) Koni, Bilaspur, C.G, 495009, India.
This study addresses the pervasive issue of particulate matter (PM) emission in urban areas, proposing a better approach using scanning electron microscope (SEM) techniques to identify plant species effective in airborne PM removal. Conducted in Bilaspur city, the research strategically selected six plant species across four distinct sites and applied the SEM-Image J method for analysis, yielding significant insights, especially in the respirable PM range. Among the tested plant species, Senna Siamea and Dalbergia Sissoo emerged as consistent and standout performers, displaying the highest PM removal efficiency across all sites.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Mol Sci
December 2024
College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
Microbes have been shown to adapt to stressful or even lethal conditions through displaying genome plasticity. However, how bacteria utilize the ability of genomic plasticity to deal with high antimony (Sb) stress has remained unclear. In this study, the spontaneous mutant strain SMAs-55 of sp.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWater Res
January 2025
Key Laboratory of Groundwater Conservation of MWR & School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, PR China. Electronic address:
Sulfide mineral oxidation has been recognized as the key driver of arsenic (As) and antimony (Sb) mobility in mining-impacted groundwater. However, the role of carbonate and silicate weathering and secondary mineral precipitation in this process remain unknown. A comprehensive geochemical study of groundwater was conducted in an Sb-mining area, Hunan, China, with samples collected from aquifers of the Xikuangshan Formation (Dx), the Shetianqiao Formation (Ds ), and the Lower Carboniferous Formation (Cy).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnviron Geochem Health
December 2024
Da Lat Nuclear Research Institute, 01 Nguyen Tu Luc, Da Lat, Lam Dong, 670000, Vietnam.
This study investigates the quantities of Rare Earth Elements (REEs) and Potentially Toxic Elements (PTEs) in Dong Nai Province's surface soils. Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS) and Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis (INAA) were used to determine element concentrations. To validate the concentration results, established reference materials (NIST 2711 and IAEA Soil-7) were used.
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