Icosanoides (prostaglandins, leukotrienes) seem to play an essential part in cardiovascular pathology. A range of experimental data obtained both in vitro and in vivo has resulted in a rapid progression of our understanding of their biochemical and functional properties and has opened up new fields of pharmacological research. However, a clear cut demonstration of their clinical relevance remains difficult. Improved methodology will no doubt provide more information about the importance of these compounds. For the present, we recommend reexamination of previously reported results.
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Obesity-associated inflammation is characterized by macrophage infiltration into peripheral tissues, contributing to the progression of prediabetes and type 2 diabetes (T2D). The enzyme 12-lipoxygenase (12-LOX) catalyzes the formation of pro-inflammatory eicosanoids and is known to promote the migration of macrophages, yet its role in obesity-associated inflammation remains incompletely understood. Furthermore, differences between mouse and human orthologs of 12-LOX have limited efforts to study existing pharmacologic inhibitors of 12-LOX.
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January 2025
Linda and Mitch Hart Center for Regenerative and Personalized Medicine, Steadman Philippon Research Institute, Vail, CO 81657, USA.
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a severe genetic muscle disease occurring due to mutations of the dystrophin gene. There is no cure for DMD. Using a dystrophinutrophin (DKO-Hom) mouse model, we investigated the PGE2/EP2 pathway in the pathogenesis of dystrophic muscle and its potential as a therapeutic target.
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January 2025
Department of Physiology, Zunyi Medical University, Campus No.1 Road, Xinpu New District, Zunyi, 563006, Guizhou, China.
In the vascular system, angiotensin II (Ang II) mediated vasoconstriction by inducing the production of 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE). However, the role of 20-HETE in Ang II-induced cardiac dysfunction had yet to be fully elucidated. This study investigated the effects of Ang II on CYP4A expression and 20-HETE production in H9c2 cells using RT-qPCR, Western blot, and ELISA.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNPJ Syst Biol Appl
January 2025
United Therapeutics Corporation, Silver Spring, MD, USA.
Challenges in drug development for rare diseases such as pulmonary arterial hypertension can be addressed through the use of mathematical modeling. In this study, a quantitative systems pharmacology model of pulmonary arterial hypertension pathophysiology and pharmacology was used to predict changes in pulmonary vascular resistance and six-minute walk distance in the context of oral treprostinil clinical studies. We generated a virtual population that spanned the range of clinical observations and then calibrated virtual patient-specific weights to match clinical trials.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMultimed Man Cardiothorac Surg
January 2025
• Department of Cardiac Sciences, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia • King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia • College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Prostaglandin E1 is a potent vasodilator that prevents the ductus arteriosus from closing. Its use in neonates with cyanotic heart defects has revolutionized the management of children with cyanotic heart defects. Although the use of prostaglandin E1 is a temporary solution, the establishment of dependable pulmonary blood flow is of paramount importance.
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