Background: The epidemiological profiles of vector-borne diseases, such as malaria, are strongly associated with landscape components. The reduction of malaria burden in endemic and epidemic regions mainly depends on knowledge of the malaria-transmitting mosquito species, populations and behavioural characteristics, as well as malaria exposure risks. This work aimed at carrying out a holistic study in order to characterise Anopheles species in relation to human malaria in seven wetlands along the lower section of the volcanic chain of Cameroon.
Results: Eight malaria vectors: Anopheles arabiensis, An. coluzzii, An. funestus (s.s.), An. gambiae, An. hancocki, An. melas, An. nili and An. ziemanni, were found biting humans. Anopheles gambiae was widespread; however, it played a secondary role in the Ndop plain where An. ziemmani was the primary vector species (79.2%). Anophelines were more exophagic (73.6%) than endophagic (26.4%), showing a marked nocturnal activity (22:00-4:00 h) for An. coluzzii and An. gambiae while An. funestus (s.s.) was mostly caught between 1:00 and 6:00 h and An. ziemanni having an early evening biting behaviour (18:00-00:00 h). Female Anopheles were mostly observed to have relative high parity rates (≥ 70%), with the exception of the Meanja site where species parity varies from 46 to 55%. Overall, the transmission level was low with entomological inoculation rates estimated to 0.7 infected bites per person per month (ib/p/mth) in Tiko and Ndop, 1.4 ib/p/mth in Mamfe and 2.24 ib/p/mth in Santchou.
Conclusions: The present study represents detailed Anopheles vector characterisation from an understudied area along the volcanic chain of Cameroon with endemic malaria transmission. The significant differences in bionomics and Anopheles species distribution within the studied wetlands, highlights the importance of providing baseline data and an opportunity to assess the outcome of ongoing malaria control interventions in the country.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6092805 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13071-018-3041-z | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Tephra fallout hazard assessment for a hydrovolcanic eruptive scenario in Mayotte.
Sci Rep
December 2024
Clermont Auvergne University, CNRS, IRD, OPGC, Magmas and Volcanoes Laboratory, 63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
The new submarine volcano Fani Maoré offshore Mayotte (Comoros archipelago) discovered in 2019 has raised the awareness of a possible future eruption in Petite-Terre island, located on the same 60 km-long volcanic chain. In this context of a renewal of the volcanic activity, we present here the first volcanic hazard assessment in Mayotte, focusing on the potential reactivation of the Petite-Terre eruptive centers. Using the 2-D tephra dispersal model HAZMAP and the 1979 - 2021 meteorological ERA-5 database, we first identify single eruptive scenarios of various impacts for the population of Mayotte.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAssembling the Puzzle of Coparsite Polymorphism: Synthesis, Thermal Expansion, and Quantum Magnetism of α- and β-CuO(VO)Cl.
Inorg Chem
December 2024
Felix Bloch Institute for Solid-State Physics, Leipzig University, Linnestrasse 5, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
Two new dimorphic spin-1/2 quantum magnets, α- and β-CuO(VO)Cl, were synthesized via a chemical vapor transport method that emulates mineral formation in volcanic fumaroles. α-CuO(VO)Cl () is a pure vanadate analogue of the coparsite mineral characterized by [OCu] 1 single rods, whereas β-CuO(VO)Cl () adopts a new structure type with the [OCu] 2 layered topology. The thermal expansions of both and studied by high-temperature single-crystal X-ray diffraction are reported.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWet-dry cycles cause nucleic acid monomers to polymerize into long chains.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
December 2024
Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305.
The key first step in the oligomerization of monomers is to find an initiator, which is usually done by thermolysis or photolysis. We present a markedly different approach that initiates acid-catalyzed polymerization at the surface of water films or water droplets, which is the reactive phase during a wet-dry cycle in freshwater hot springs associated with subaerial volcanic landmasses. We apply this method to the oligomerization of different nucleic acids, a topic relevant to how it might be possible to go from simple nucleic acid monomers to long-chain polymers, a key step in forming the building blocks of life.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExtremely rapid, yet noncatastrophic, preservation of the flattened-feathered and 3D dinosaurs of the Early Cretaceous of China.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
November 2024
Department of Geosciences, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544.
Northeast China's Early Cretaceous Yixian Formation preserves spectacular fossils that have proved extraordinarily important in testing evolutionary hypotheses involving the origin of birds and the distribution of feathers among nonavian dinosaurs. These fossils occur either flattened with soft tissue preservation (including feathers and color) in laminated lacustrine strata or as three-dimensional (3D) skeletons in "life-like" postures in more massive deposits. The relationships of these deposits to each other, their absolute ages, and the origin of the extraordinary fossil preservation have been vigorously debated for nearly a half century, with the prevailing view being that preservation was linked to violent volcanic eruptions or lahars, similar to processes that preserved human remains at Pompeii.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFControl of slab tears and slab flat wedging on volcanism in the Alaska subduction zone.
Sci Rep
October 2024
School of Geophysics and Measurement-control Technology, East China University of Technology, NO.418, Guanglan Street, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
Multistage plate subduction plays a crucial role in magmatism; however, the mechanisms by which deep geodynamic processes govern volcanism in the Alaska subduction zone remain controversial. Using numerous travel-time data from several seismic arrays, we constructed high-resolution tomographic models to investigate the velocity structure of the Pacific Plate and Yakutat slab. Our tomographic results revealed high-velocity anomalies in the Pacific Plate and Yakutat slab, while the low-velocity areas within the Pacific Plate were identified as slab tears.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!