Staining of proteins separated on gels provides the basis for determination of the critical properties of these biopolymers, such as their molecular weight and/or charge. Detection of proteins on gels and blots require stains. These stains vary in sensitivity, ease of use, color, stability, versatility, and specificity. This review discusses different stains and applications with details on how to use the stains, and advantages and disadvantages of each stain. It also compiles some important points to be considered in imaging and evaluation. Commonly used colorimetric and fluorescent dyes for general protein staining, and stains that detect posttranslational modification-specific detection methods are also discussed.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-8745-0_1 | DOI Listing |
J Mol Biol
March 2025
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California, Los Angeles Los Angeles, CA 90095-1569.
I am Distinguished Professor in the Chemistry and Biochemistry Department at University of California, Los Angeles, where I was hired in 1985 as the first female assistant professor in the department. I received my PhD from University of California, San Diego, under the guidance of Professor David Kearns, where I used NMR spectroscopy to study drug binding to random sequence DNA and published the first two-dimensional NMR spectra of short synthetic DNA duplexes. From 1982-1985 I was a Damon Runyon-Walter Winchell Postdoctoral fellow in the Professor Alexander Rich laboratory, where I investigated structures of Z-DNA by NMR.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFComp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol
March 2025
Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Kvetna 8, 603 00 Brno, Czech Republic. Electronic address:
Total red (RBC) and white (WBC) blood cell counts are highly informative haematological parameters, holding substantial potential for advancing ecological and evolutionary research and conservation efforts. Yet, their use in studies on wild bird populations is rare as blood samples need to be stored in fragile glass flasks and analysed on the day of collection, which poses significant challenges in field conditions. Here, we aimed to make total blood cell counts more accessible for field studies by assessing their reliability in blood samples collected in more durable plastic tubes and stored for varying periods of time.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSignificance: We introduce a fast Raman spectroscopy (SSRS) system that reduces acquisition time and enhances data quality, providing a breakthrough in SSRS for real-time applications. We demonstrate its utility in differentiating brain tissue regions based on lipid and protein content.
Aim: Our primary goal was to develop a fast SSRS system that enables rapid data acquisition for applications.
Mol Ther Nucleic Acids
March 2025
Department of Nuclear Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
Aptamers are single-stranded oligonucleotides with specific spatial structures. They have been widely used in preclinical studies because of their high affinity and specificity for various biological targets. AS1411, an aptamer targeting the nucleolin overexpressed on the cancer cell membrane, is one of the most promising and extensively studied aptamers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMicrosc Res Tech
March 2025
Electrical Engineering Department, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Bio-engineered silver nanoparticles (BE-AgNPs) are receiving discernible attention due to their diverse application history; however, the interaction of silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) with the environment and their toxicity in aquatic organisms is a matter of concern debate. Therefore, the current study aims to evaluate the bio-fabrication of Ag-NPs using Bellis perennis (B. perennis) plant flower extract and to assess their toxicity against Cyprinus carpio as an aquatic model organism.
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