Background: We evaluated the anti-malarial activity of individually and in combination with chloroquine.
Methods: This study was conducted at the School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran in 2015-2016. The Peter's method was used for determining fifty percent effective dose (ED50) of the extract and chloroquine individually against chloroquine sensitive in small white mice. Six experimental groups for and 6 groups for chloroquine and two control group (positive and negative) were considered for determination of ED50. Interaction between and chloroquine also was evaluated based on fixed ratios method. Ratios of 0/100, 20/80, 40/60, 60/40, 80/20, 100/0 of ED50 of chloroquine and respectively were tested against the parasite. Then inhibitory effects of two drugs were calculated and plotted in the relevant graphs.
Results: Overall, 1500 mg/kg, and 1000 mg/kg concentrations of against resulted in ED50 and ED74 respectively. ED50 of chloroquine against the parasite was obtained as 1.4 mg/kg of mouse body weight. Moreover, combination of and chloroquine showed a weak potentiation in ratios of 40/60 (chloroquine +) with 64% inhibition, but not in other ratios.
Conclusion: Although individually showed a reasonable antimalarial efficacy against chloroquine sensitive , in combination with chloroquine it showed additive or antagonism result except in ratios of 40%CQ+60%HP.
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