The fabella is a sesamoid bone that is embedded in the lateral head of the gastrocnemius muscle and often articulates directly with the lateral femoral condyle. It is present in 10-30% of the general population with a higher incidence in Asians. The fabella can lead to various pathologies such as fabella pain syndrome and common fibular nerve palsy. Conservative treatment involves physical therapy or injecting local anesthetics or steroids around this bone. However, if symptoms persist, then a fabellectomy can be performed. Physicians should be aware of the fabella bone and the multiple pathologies associated with it in order to provide the best treatment and management for patients.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.2736 | DOI Listing |
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Easy to gain but hard to lose: the evolution of the knee sesamoid bones in Primates-a systematic review and phylogenetic meta-analysis.
Proc Biol Sci
January 2024
Department of Engineering, King's College London, London, UK.
Sesamoids are variably present skeletal elements found in tendons and ligaments near joints. Variability in sesamoid size, location and presence/absence is hypothesized to enable skeletal innovation, yet sesamoids are often ignored. Three knee sesamoids-the cyamella, medial fabella and lateral fabella-are present in primates, but we know little about how they evolved, if they are skeletal innovations, or why they are largely missing from Hominoidea.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEvaluation of the therapeutic potential of infrapatellar fat pad adipose-derived stem cells and their secretome for regenerating knee articular cartilage in a rat model of osteoarthritis.
Iran J Vet Res
January 2024
Stem Cells Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Background: Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy has ameliorative effects for treating knee osteoarthritis (KOA) disease. Moreover, there is a growing interest in using MSCs-derived secretome (Sec) containing trophic factors secreted by MSCs for KOA treatment. Recently, some studies have suggested that the combination of MSCs and Sec has the potential to treat the diseases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFX-ray Imaging Versus Anatomical Dissection for Identification of the Fabella.
Cureus
June 2024
Center for Anatomical Science and Education, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, USA.
Introduction: Reported prevalence rates of the fabella sesamoid bone vary widely, particularly between studies based on either X-ray imaging or anatomical dissection approaches. The purpose of this study was to directly compare these two methodologies in their detection of fabellae and investigate whether variability in the density of fabellae could explain any discrepancies.
Methods: Fifty cadaveric knee segments were examined for the presence of a fabella by both X-ray imaging and anatomical dissection.
Ex vivo biomechanical evaluation and comparison of lateral femoro-fabella ligament suture and lateral suture with bone anchor for cranial cruciate ligament repair in cats.
Am J Vet Res
August 2024
Department of Companion Animal Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.
Objective: To compare the biomechanical properties of lateral femoro-fabella ligament suture (FFLS) and lateral suture with a bone anchor suture (BAS) for management of feline cranial cruciate ligament disease.
Animals: 12 femurs from 6 mature cat cadavers.
Methods: The samples were collected from April to June 2023.
Fracture of the fabella with radiologic and MRI.
BMJ Case Rep
November 2023
Orthopaedics department, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra EPE, Coimbra, Portugal.
The fabella is an inconstant sesamoid bone. A handful of cases have been reported so far describing fabella fracture, usually involving high energy mechanism or stress fractures after total knee arthroplasty. This paper presents a fabella fracture in a man in his 40s after suffering a car crash, the clinical and radiographic presentation, treatment and complete recovery at 4-months follow-up.
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