Objective: Eating disorder psychopathology is associated with a propensity to interpret ambiguous stimuli to be negatively related to one's appearance and self-worth. The relative impact of modifying interpretation bias for these respective stimuli is unknown. Hence the main aim of the current study was to compare two cognitive bias modification protocols targeting interpretation bias (CBM-I), one focused on appearance and the other on self-worth, in terms of impacting interpretation bias, body dissatisfaction and negative affect. The appearance-based CBM-I protocol was developed for the current study.
Method: Female university students (N = 123) were randomized into one of three CBM-I conditions: appearance, self-worth or control. Immediately following a negative induction that significantly increased body dissatisfaction and negative affect, participants underwent their respective CBM-I training.
Results: The CBM-I for appearance produced significant changes in the targeted bias, as well as significant improvements (moderate effect sizes) in appearance satisfaction, relative to the CBM-I for self-worth and control conditions.
Discussion: The results support the usefulness of the CBM-I for appearance protocol, and suggests that this technique warrants further investigation with respect to modifying interpretation bias and risk factors associated with eating disorder psychopathology. Null effects of CBM-I for self-worth should be interpreted in light of study limitations, including the potential unsuitability of training material for young women. CBM-I for both types of interpretation bias should be evaluated in future research.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/eat.22938 | DOI Listing |
Environ Toxicol Chem
January 2025
ToxStrategies, LLC, Katy, TX, USA.
A key component of ecological risk assessments is to develop evidence-based benchmarks to assess potential hazards to various receptors. To ensure that toxicity value development is performed using the best available science, the reliability (or inherent scientific quality) of these studies must be considered. The degree of reliability can be evaluated via critical appraisal tools (CATs), though application of such methods assessing ecotoxicological literature for toxicity value development is not well established compared to human health assessments.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Radiol
January 2025
Department of Biostatistics & Informatics, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO, United States.
In neuro-oncology, MR imaging is crucial for obtaining detailed brain images to identify neoplasms, plan treatment, guide surgical intervention, and monitor the tumor's response. Recent AI advances in neuroimaging have promising applications in neuro-oncology, including guiding clinical decisions and improving patient management. However, the lack of clarity on how AI arrives at predictions has hindered its clinical translation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAustralas J Ultrasound Med
February 2025
Discipline of Medical Imaging Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health The University of Sydney Camperdown New South Wales Australia.
Introduction: In both highly industrialised and developing countries, obesity is reaching epidemic proportions and increasingly becoming a critical indicator of general morbidity, cardiovascular disease (CVD) and renal dysfunction. A promising trend in detection and management of obesity is the measurement of perirenal adipose tissue (PRAT), increasingly recognised as a metabolically active endocrine organ in itself. Its measurement by ultrasound is used increasingly to indicate visceral obesity and its clinical management.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Health Serv Res
January 2025
Amsterdam UMC, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Van der Boechorststraat 7, NL-1081 BT, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Background: Although the number of Dutch guidelines is growing, their uptake and impact in clinical practice lag behind. Dutch guideline organizations, including guideline developers, governmental agencies, health insurers and other national organizations, play a crucial role in developing, authorizing and/or supporting the use of guidelines. They influence end users' awareness, accessibility, understanding, acceptability and applicability of guidelines.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Cancer
January 2025
Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 0G4, Canada.
Objectives: The detection of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) tumors in the earlier stages is of great importance for more effective treatment. Encouraged by the key role of imaging in the management of RCC, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of the studies that made use of artificial intelligence (AI) for the detection of RCC to quantitatively determine the performance of AI for distinguishing related renal lesions.
Materials And Methods: PubMed, Scopus, CENTRAL, and Embase electronic databases were systematically searched in November 2024 to identify studies that applied AI for the detection or classification of RCC.
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