[Tuberculosis in children: 29 cases in two hospitals of Niamey and at the national tuberculosis center].

In 2013, the WHO considered that worldwide, the annual incidence of the tuberculosis is of 9 million cases, and prevalence at 14 million. The diagnosis of tuberculosis in children is difficult and can be at the origin of a delay of care and an under estimation of the amount of cases. The purpose of this study was to analyze the epidemiological and diagnostic aspects of tuberculosis in children. It was a multicenter study taking place from October 1st, 2009 until June 1st, 2011. The average age of children was of 4.6 years, with a sex-ratio of 1.43. 65, 52% of patients were inoculated with BCG; 86, 21% arose from family from a low socio-economic level; 55% suffered from malnutrition. Extrapulmonary effects are more frequent than pulmonary (62.07% versus 37.93%). IDR was positive in 85.71% of the children; the sedimentation speed was high in 88.89% of them. The HIV serology tests were administered to 27.59% of the children, all were seronegative. The fight against tuberculosis has to intensify, through the combination of several strategies, such as vaccination, active screening, the adequate care of the cases, improvement of socioeconomic conditions of the populations and research for a new more effective vaccine, news methods of diagnostic and antituberculosis drugs successful.