A novel pH-responsive electrochemiluminescence immunosensor for ALV-J detection based on hollow MnO encapsulating Ru(bpy)Cl.

A novel pH-responsive sandwich-type electrochemiluminescence immunosensor was successfully developed for the detection of avian leukosis virus subgroup J (ALV-J). The immunosensor consisted of graphene oxide functionalized with tannic acid (rGO-TA) and primary antibodies (Ab) as the main ALV-J sensing platform. For signal amplification, pH-responsive hollow MnO (hMnO) nanospheres encapsulating Ru(bpy)Cl and carrying secondary antibodies (Ab) were employed. Under optimal conditions, the immunosensor exhibited a wide ALV-J detection range of 10 to 10 TCID/mL (TCID: 50% tissue culture infective dose) and a low detection limit of 10 TCID/mL (S/N = 3). Importantly, the immunosensor showed high sensitivity, good reproducibility and excellent operational stability. Finally, the immunosensor was evaluated using a real avian serum sample containing ALV-J, with excellent results being achieved.