CAR-T therapy has shown great success treating blood cancers, but drawbacks include high manufacturing costs and potentially fatal toxicities such as cytokine release syndrome. In this issue of Cell Stem Cell, Li et al. (2018) describe how engineered iPSC-derived NK cells armed with NK-tailored CAR constructs (CAR-iPSC-NK cells) provide better options for anti-cancer immunotherapy.
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Chimeric antigen receptor natural killer cell therapy: A systematic review of preclinical studies for hematologic and solid malignancies.
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Research Center for Social Determinants of Health,Research institute for metabolic and obesity disorders, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Electronic address:
Advancements in the field of CAR-T therapy have brought about a revolution in the treatment of numerous types of cancer in the past ten years. However, despite the remarkable success achieved thus far, certain barriers impede the widespread implementation of this therapy such as intricate manufacturing processes and treatment-associated toxicities. As an alternative, chimeric antigen receptor-engineered natural killer cell (CAR-NK) therapy presents a viable opportunity for a simpler and more cost-effective "off-the-shelf" treatment option, which is likely to result in fewer adverse reactions.
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Multiple myeloma (MM) treatment remains challenging due to its relapsed/refractory disease course as well as intra- and inter-patient heterogeneity. Cellular immunotherapies, especially chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells targeting B cell maturation antigen (BCMA), mark a major breakthrough, achieving long-lasting remissions and instilling hope for a potential cure. While ongoing clinical trials are increasingly driving approved cellular products towards earlier lines of therapy, novel targets as well as advanced approaches employing natural killer (NK) cells or dendritic cell (DC) vaccines are currently under investigation.
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Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly aggressive primary brain tumor that carries a grim prognosis. Because of the dearth of treatment options available for treatment of GBM, Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR)-engineered T cell and Natural Killer (NK) therapy could provide alternative strategies to address the challenges in GBM treatment. In these approaches, CAR T and NK cells are engineered for cancer-specific immunotherapy by recognizing surface antigens independently of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules.
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Introduction: Systemic treatment options for renal cell carcinoma (RCC) have expanded considerably in recent years, and both tyrosine kinase inhibitors and immune checkpoint inhibitors, alone or in combination, have entered the clinical arena. Adoptive cell immunotherapies have recently revolutionized the treatment of cancer and hold the promise to further advance the treatment of RCC.
Areas Covered: In this review, we summarize the latest preclinical and clinical development in the field of adoptive cell immunotherapy for the treatment of RCC, focusing on lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells, cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells, tumor-infiltrating T cells (TILs), TCR-engineered T cells, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells, and dendritic cell vaccination strategies.
Targeting CD5 chimeric antigen receptor-engineered natural killer cells against T-cell malignancies.
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Article Synopsis
- CAR-T therapy has shown success in treating B-cell malignancies, but using donor T-cells may lead to complications like graft-versus-host disease; thus, researchers are exploring "off-the-shelf" NK cells and nanobody-based CARs for T-cell malignancies.
- The study focuses on creating CAR-NK cells targeting CD5, a marker found on malignant T cells, using a specific nanobody (12 C) after screening with phage display technology.
- Results showed that 12 C CAR-NK cells demonstrated better antitumor effects compared to another nanobody (5D), suggesting 12 C is the most effective option for future CAR
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