Effect of different components of single superphosphate on organic matter degradation and maturity during pig manure composting.

Single superphosphate (SSP) as an additive could improve phosphorus availability and reduce nitrogen loss for composts, but few studies have explored the influence of SSP on the transformation of carbon fractions in composting. The aim of this work was to assess the effect of different components of SSP, including calcium dihydrogen phosphate (CDP), calcium sulfate (CS) and free acid (FA) on organic matter degradation and maturity during pig manure composting. The results showed that CDP had significantly negative effects on the duration of thermophilic phase and organic matter degradation, but lengthened the curing phase for the transformation of organic matter. FA could intensify the inhibiting effect of CDP and postpone the biodegradation process of composting, but CS could buffer the effect of CDP on the degradation of organic carbon fractions by controlling pH. The study reveals the roles of different components of SSP to the transformation of organic carbon fractions, which lays a foundation for regulating the effects of chemical additives during composting. Regulating the content of CDP in SSP or applying SSP with other chemical additives to control the biotoxicity of excess phosphate on microbial activity should be concerned for complete and efficient composting in further study.