The regulatory role of cyclic AMP in various cellular activities is well known. It has been documented that both the notochord and extracellular matrix materials (ECM) induce somite chrondrogenesis. We believe that the ECM modulates the intracellular cAMP level during chondrogenic differentiation. The studies indicated that notochordal induction, which resulted in somite chondrogenesis (reflected by increased sulfated glycosaminoglycan synthesis) reduced the intracellular cAMP level in somites. Addition of forskolin and dibutyryl cAMP resulted in increased intracellular cAMP levels and decreased synthesis of sulfated glycosaminoglycans (decreased chondrogenesis). In the case of dibutyryl cAMP, the inhibition of sulfated glycosaminoglycan synthesis was related to the length of exposure time. Thus, the inverse relationship between cAMP content and enhanced chondrogenesis supports the theory that, in somites, a decrease in the intracellular cAMP level may be necessary to trigger chondrogenic differentiation.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Quantitative approaches for studying G protein-coupled receptor signalling and pharmacology.
J Cell Sci
January 2025
Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1PD, UK.
G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) signalling pathways underlie numerous physiological processes, are implicated in many diseases and are major targets for therapeutics. There are more than 800 GPCRs, which together transduce a vast array of extracellular stimuli into a variety of intracellular signals via heterotrimeric G protein activation and multiple downstream effectors. A key challenge in cell biology research and the pharmaceutical industry is developing tools that enable the quantitative investigation of GPCR signalling pathways to gain mechanistic insights into the varied cellular functions and pharmacology of GPCRs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThymol and Carvacrol as Potential Tocolytic and Anti-inflammatory Agents in Pregnant Rat Uterus.
Curr Mol Pharmacol
January 2025
Área Académica de Medicina del Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Pachuca, Hidalgo, México.
Introduction: This work aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and myorelaxant effect of thymol (TM) and carvacrol (CAR) in the pregnant rat uterus. Both compounds exhibit considerable antimicrobial, antispasmodic, and anti-inflammatory effects and due to these properties, they were studied in this in vitro model of premature birth induced by infection.
Method: All uterine tissues were studied in uterine contraction tests to determine the inhibitory effect of TM, CAR (10, 56, 100, 150, and 230 μM), and nifedipine (a calcium channel antagonist) on phasic and tonic contraction induced by electro- and pharmacomechanical stimuli.
Ca/Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase II (CaMKII) Regulates Basal Cardiac Pacemaker Function: Pros and Cons.
Cells
December 2024
Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institute of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
The spontaneous firing of the sinoatrial (SA) node, the physiological pacemaker of the heart, is generated within sinoatrial nodal cells (SANCs) and is regulated by a "coupled-clock" pacemaker system, which integrates a "membrane clock", the ensemble of ion channel currents, and an intracellular "Ca clock", sarcoplasmic reticulum-generated local submembrane Ca releases via ryanodine receptors. The interactions within a "coupled-clock" system are modulated by phosphorylation of surface membrane and sarcoplasmic reticulum proteins. Though the essential role of a high basal cAMP level and PKA-dependent phosphorylation for basal spontaneous SANC firing is well recognized, the role of basal CaMKII-dependent phosphorylation remains uncertain.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFShenghui decoction inhibits neuronal cell apoptosis to improve Alzheimer's disease through the PDE4B/cAMP/CREB signaling pathway.
Phytomedicine
January 2025
Collaborative Innovation Center of Prevention and Treatment of Major Diseases by Chinese and Western Medicine, Henan Province, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Research and Development on the whole Industry Chain of Yu-Yao, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan, China. Electronic address:
Background: Shenghui Decoction (SHD) is a frequently utilized traditional Chinese medicine formula in clinical settings for addressing cognitive impairment in elderly individuals. Nevertheless, the precise mechanism by which SHD exerts its effects on the most prevalent form of dementia, Alzheimer's disease (AD), remains to be elucidated.
Methods: Temperature-induced transgenic C.
Activators of the 26S proteasome when protein degradation increases.
Exp Mol Med
January 2025
Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, 240 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
In response to extra- and intracellular stimuli that constantly challenge and disturb the proteome, cells rapidly change their proteolytic capacity to maintain proteostasis. Failure of such efforts often becomes a major cause of diseases or is associated with exacerbation. Increase in protein breakdown occurs at multiple steps in the ubiquitin-proteasome system, and the regulation of ubiquitination has been extensively studied.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!