Sleep and mental disorders in childhood and adolescence Abstract. Sleep problems and disorders are common in childhood and adolescence. This review aims to throw light on the relationship between sleep problems and mental disorders in childhood and adolescence. Sleep problems and disorders appear to be risk factors for mental disorders as comorbidities, as symptoms, and as effects of mental disorders. Frequently, there is an interaction between sleep behaviour and psychopathology so that sleep problems contribute to the intensity and maintenance of mental disorders. This bidirectional association is observed in early childhood as well as in school-aged children and in adolescents. Many studies show that this association has a long-term nature beyond child development. Both environmental and genetic factors seem to play a role in the development and maintenance of the relationship between sleep problems and mental disorders. Various research articles show that treatment of mental disorders and treatment of sleep disorders influence each other in a positive way. Therefore, it is strongly advised to consider sleep problems in diagnosis and treatment but also in prevention of mental disorders.
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