A Study of Clinicopathological Correlation of Periorbital Hyperpigmentation.

Indian Dermatol Online J

Department of Dermatology, T. N. M. C. and B.Y.L. Nair Ch. Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.

Published: January 2018

Context: "Dark circles" are esthetic concerns that can affect individuals of any age, gender, or race. They can be familial, physiological, or associated with various medical illnesses.

Aim: To study the clinicopathological correlation of periorbital hyperpigmentation.

Patients And Methods: Fifty patients affected with periorbital melanosis (POM) were enrolled for the study after obtaining informed consent. Details regarding history, demographic data, and physical examination of POM were recorded, and a 2-mm punch skin biopsy was taken from the affected skin under local anesthesia and stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H and E), Fontana Masson (Melanin), Perls Prussian blue (Hemosiderin).

Results: Twenty-three (46%) patients with POM had history of chronic illness before developing POM; 18% patients were atopic, 16% had jaundice, 18% had associated pigmentary demarcation lines (PDL) of type F and G, 8% had acanthosis nigricans, 22% patients had anemia, 16% patients gave positive family history of POM, and menstrual irregularity was seen in 16%. Histopathology revealed dermal melanin deposition with melanophages along with predominantly increased epidermal melanin and melanin in vellus follicular epithelium. Prussian blue for hemosiderin was negative in all cases.

Conclusions: The study has elicited the multifactorial origin of POM; females are affected more than males. Dermal melanin deposition is a constant feature. Hemosiderin is not found in POM. Increased pigmentation of the vellus follicular epithelium is a feature of POM.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6042186PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/idoj.IDOJ_244_17DOI Listing

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