Department of Neuroscience and Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Avenue, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
Published: July 2018
AI Article Synopsis
Article Abstract
Background: Mutations in amyloid precursor protein (APP), presenilin 1 (PSEN1) and presenilin 2 (PSEN2) cause autosomal dominant forms of Alzheimer disease (ADAD). More than 280 pathogenic mutations have been reported in APP, PSEN1, and PSEN2. However, understanding of the basic biological mechanisms that drive the disease are limited. The Dominantly Inherited Alzheimer Network (DIAN) is an international observational study of APP, PSEN1, and PSEN2 mutation carriers with the goal of determining the sequence of changes in presymptomatic mutation carriers who are destined to develop Alzheimer disease.
Results: We generated a library of 98 dermal fibroblast lines from 42 ADAD families enrolled in DIAN. We have reprogrammed a subset of the DIAN fibroblast lines into patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) lines. These cells were thoroughly characterized for pluripotency markers.
Conclusions: This library represents a comprehensive resource that can be used for disease modeling and the development of novel therapeutics.
Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory disease involving the spine and bone joints, which is characterized by hyperosteogeny, ossification of ligaments, and ankylosis. Quercetin is a natural polyphenolic compound with various biological activities such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-tumor. It was to explore the effect of quercetin on AS ossification and its molecular mechanism.
Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Lane, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610000, Sichuan, China.
Background: Alveolar macrophages (AMs) is critical to exacerbate acute lung injury (ALI) induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) via inhibiting inflammation, which could by shifted by mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (MSC-exos). But the underlying rationale is not fully clarified. Our study aimed to analyze the significance of itaconic acid (ITA) in mediating the protective effects of MSC-exos on LPS-induced ALI.
Institute of Phytopathology, Research Centre for BioSystems, Land Use and Nutrition, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26, 35392 Giessen, Germany.
Bidirectional communication between pathogenic microbes and their plant hosts via small (s)RNA-mediated cross-kingdom RNA interference (ckRNAi) is a key element for successful host colonisation. Whether mutualistic fungi of the Serendipitaceae family, known for their extremely broad host range, use sRNAs to colonize plant roots is still under debate. To address this question, we developed a pipeline to validate the accumulation, translocation, and activity of fungal sRNAs in post-transcriptional silencing of Arabidopsis thaliana genes.
Center of Excellence for Dental Stem Cell Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand. Electronic address:
Objectives: Periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) are promising for regenerative therapies due to their self-renewal and multilineage differentiation, essential for periodontal tissue repair. Although magnesium plays a vital role in bone metabolism, its specific effects on PDLSCs and potential applications in regeneration are unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effects of magnesium chloride (MgCl₂) on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of human PDLSCs (hPDLSCs).
Over the past few years there has been an alarming burst of cancer burden worldwide. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) act as hidden devils within tumors, rendering cancer therapy a strenuous goal. Recently, the ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) was proved to be an essential contributor to the CSC phenotype.
