Exosomes are nanosized membrane microvesicles (30⁻100 nm) that have the capability to communicate intercellularly and transport cell components (i.e., miRNA, mRNA, proteins and DNA). Exosomes are found in nearly every cell type (i.e., mast cells, dendritic, tumor, and macrophages). There have been many studies that have shown the importance of exosome function as well as their unique packaging and targeting abilities. These characteristics make exosomes ideal candidates to act as biomarkers and therapeutics for disease. We will discuss the biogenesis, composition, and relationship of exosomes with non-viral microbial infections including gram-negative bacteria, gram-positive bacteria, and .
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines6030079 | DOI Listing |
Materials (Basel)
December 2024
Department of Building Materials Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Armii Ludowej 16, 00-637 Warsaw, Poland.
The aim of the presented research was to evaluate the impacts of modifications to the technical properties of fly ash-based geopolymer composites, particularly focusing on enhancing the thermal insulation. Through the utilization of a generalized utility function, optimal dosages of additives such as perlite sand, waste perlite powder, and cenospheres were determined. The study aimed to increase the thermal insulation of the composites while maintaining satisfactory compressive and flexural strength.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLife (Basel)
December 2024
Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Colima, Colima 28040, Mexico.
Background: L. (guanabana) leaves are rich in bioactive compounds with potential antioxidant properties. In the state of Colima, both ethanolic extracts and infusions are traditionally used in folk medicine to address various ailments.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLife (Basel)
December 2024
Division of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Medical Faculty, Private Sigmund Freud University, Freudplatz 3, 1020 Wien, Austria.
The attractiveness of OMVs derived from Gram-negative bacteria lies in the fact that they have two biomembranes sandwiching a peptidoglycan layer. It is well known that the envelope of OMVs consists of the outer bacterial membrane [OM] and not of the inner one [IM] of the source bacterium. This implies that all outer membranous molecules found in the OM act as antigens.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiomolecules
November 2024
Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China.
Exosomes, nano-sized lipid bilayer vesicles, have garnered significant attention as mediators of cell communication, particularly within the central nervous system (CNS). Their unique properties, including high stability, low immunogenicity, and the ability to traverse the blood-brain barrier (BBB), position them as promising tools for understanding and addressing CNS diseases. This comprehensive review delves into the biogenesis, properties, composition, functions, and isolation of exosomes, with a particular focus on their roles in cerebrovascular diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, and CNS tumors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS One
January 2025
Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Common Animal Diseases in General Higher Education Institutions of Heilongjiang Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.
This study aims to provide a theoretical foundation for the future management of diabetes at various stages induced by a high-fat diet. Specifically, it seeks to determine the appropriate pharmacological interventions for each phase of diabetes development and the targeted therapeutic directions at different stages of diabetes progression. This investigation employed C57BL6 mice as experimental subjects, successfully establishing an insulin resistance model through a 12-week high-fat diet.
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