Alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) is a disulphide compound with multifunctional antioxidant properties and is soluble in both water and lipid. Several recent studies evaluated efficacy of ALA in various diseases related to oxidative damage such as diabetes, multiple sclerosis and Alzheimer and concluded that ALA can reduce oxidative stress by quenching reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, restoring antioxidants such as glutathione, vitamins C and E, and/or improving activity of antioxidant enzymes. Varicocele, an enlargement of the veins in scrotum, is considered as the most common repairable cause of male infertility and is associated with high levels of oxidative stress. In this study, surgical varicocele was induced in 30 adult male Wistar rats with other 20 rats serving as sham-operated and nonoperated control. Varicocele caused significant worsening of sperm parameters, DNA damage and lipid peroxidation 2 and 4 months after surgery. A 2-month ALA administration after surgery was able to revert these effects. These results clearly showed that ALA can reduce the negative side effects of elevated testicular temperature and increased oxidative stress in varicocelised rats. This study warrants future clinical research to assess whether ALA is of help in the treatment of infertile men with varicocele.
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