[Noninvasive phenotyping of renal tumors-current state of the art].

Background: Due to often overlapping imaging features, solid renal tumors pose a diagnostic challenge. In addition, personalized therapies require exact tumor subtyping. To reduce complications, this should ideally be performed noninvasively.

Aims: The aim of this work was to provide an overview on the current state of the art and new developments in the field of noninvasive radiological phenotyping of the most common types of adult renal tumors.

Results: Multimodal and multiparametric imaging already enables an exact, noninvasive differentiation between many types of benign and malignant renal tumors. Concerning problematic cases, as well as for a more detailed characterization of renal tumors (tumor grade, genetic factors), promising new techniques, or techniques that have not previously been used for this purpose, such as texture analysis, computer-based "deep feature classifications", iodine quantification or MR spectroscopy, are being investigated.