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Differing genetics of saline and cocaine self-administration in the hybrid mouse diversity panel.
bioRxiv
December 2024
Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095.
To identify genes involved in regulating the behavioral and brain transcriptomic response to the potentially addictive drug cocaine, we performed genome-wide association studies (GWASs) for intravenous self-administration of cocaine or saline (as a control) over 10 days using a panel of inbred and recombinant inbred mice. A linear mixed model increased statistical power for these longitudinal data and identified 145 loci for responding when saline only was delivered, compared to 17 for the corresponding cocaine GWAS. Only one locus overlapped.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGenome size influences plant growth and biodiversity responses to nutrient fertilization in diverse grassland communities.
PLoS Biol
December 2024
Department of Biological Sciences, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan, United States of America.
Experiments comparing diploids with polyploids and in single grassland sites show that nitrogen and/or phosphorus availability influences plant growth and community composition dependent on genome size; specifically, plants with larger genomes grow faster under nutrient enrichments relative to those with smaller genomes. However, it is unknown if these effects are specific to particular site localities with speciifc plant assemblages, climates, and historical contingencies. To determine the generality of genome size-dependent growth responses to nitrogen and phosphorus fertilization, we combined genome size and species abundance data from 27 coordinated grassland nutrient addition experiments in the Nutrient Network that occur in the Northern Hemisphere across a range of climates and grassland communities.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAridity drives the response of soil total and particulate organic carbon to drought in temperate grasslands and shrublands.
Sci Adv
October 2024
Institute of Grassland Science, Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology of the Ministry of Education, Jilin Songnen Grassland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China.
Article Synopsis
- Drought events are becoming more common in grasslands and shrublands, affecting soil organic carbon (SOC), which includes different forms like particulate (POC) and mineral-associated organic carbon (MAOC).
- A global study over 19 sites revealed that in wetter areas (aridity index > 0.65), extreme drought led to a significant decrease in SOC (7.9%) and POC (15.9%), but MAOC levels remained unchanged.
- In drier regions (aridity index < 0.65), drought did not significantly affect any type of soil organic carbon, indicating that the impact of drought on SOC is influenced by environmental aridity and rainfall variability.
A Concept for Mining Transitive Sequential Patterns from Pancreatic Cancer Patient Journeys.
Stud Health Technol Inform
August 2024
University Medical Center Göttingen, Department of Medical Informatics, Germany.
Pancreatic cancer, renowned for its aggressive nature and poor prognosis, necessitates the optimization of treatment strategies. The sequence of procedures in clinical trials is critical, such as evaluating the potential benefits of preoperative chemo-radio-therapy for pancreatic cancer. Nevertheless, we might not be aware of other temporal sequences which have an effect on therapy response or the general outcome.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFantigen-reactive Th17 cells are enriched in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in severe equine asthma.
Front Immunol
September 2024
Institute of Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany.
Introduction: Equine asthma (EA) is a common disease of adult horses with chronic respiratory pathology and common neutrophilic airway inflammation. It presents with hyperreactivity to hay dust components such as molds, and underlying dysregulated T cell responses have been suggested. Thus far, T cells have been analysed in EA with conflicting results and the antigen reactivity of T cells has not been demonstrated.
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