Ethics guidelines recommend that forensic mental health professionals begin in-person assessments by explaining the nature and purpose of the examination. To learn whether evaluees have understood and can give consent, forensic practitioners may ask evaluees to paraphrase the explanation. This article explores how a forensic evaluee's disclosure response (DR) reveals substantive information relevant to the purposes of a forensic examination. We examined archival data from 255 reports on competence to stand trial (CST) that a Midwest public sector hospital had previously submitted to courts. We classified each evaluee's DR at one of three levels: DR = yes (accurate paraphrasing), DR = no (inability to paraphrase or provide a relevant response), or DR = other (an intermediate level implying a less-than-accurate response). None of the 28 DR = no evaluees was CST, and only 7 (17%) of the 48 DR = other evaluees were CST. Thus, a CST evaluee who cannot paraphrase an examiner's explanation is likely to be incompetent to stand trial, and an examiner would need to adduce a strong argument to support any opinion to the contrary.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.29158/JAAPL.003747-18 | DOI Listing |
Curr Opin Infect Dis
January 2025
Department of Medicine, Clínica Rotger Quironsalud, Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
Purpose Of Review: Optimal duration of therapy in SSTIs - a heterogeneous group of infections - remains unknown. The advances in knowledge of antibiotic duration of treatment in selected SSTIs that can impact clinical practice and published in the last 18 months are reviewed.
Recent Findings: Recent evidence indicates that few patients receive guideline concordant empiric antibiotics and appropriate duration in the United States, although this likely can be extrapolated to other countries.
Indian J Occup Environ Med
December 2024
Department of Statistics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
Background: There are adverse effects on the health outcomes of workers whose occupation involves prolonged standing, such as lower back pain, leg pain, cardiovascular diseases, fatigue, discomfort, and pregnancy-related health outcomes. The effectiveness of massage therapy as an intervention for managing leg pain associated with prolonged standing needs to be addressed.
Aims: This study aimed to evaluate the smart dynamic fabric actuator's effectiveness in treating chronic musculoskeletal leg pain in persons with occupations involving prolonged standing.
Acta Bioeng Biomech
June 2024
1Faculty of Rehabilitation, Józef Piłsudski University of Physical Education in Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
: External factors can disrupt postural control, but the intricate workings of the postural control system enable an appropriate response. This study seeks to assess how external perturbations affect postural control. : Twenty women participated in study, which consisted four trials involved quiet standing and experiencing induced perturbations by being struck with a boxing bag from the back, right, and left sides, respectively.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS One
January 2025
Department of Ophthalmology, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America.
Purpose: This study aims to explore the feasibility and performance of three-dimensional ultrasound (3DUS) imaging in ophthalmology using commercially available ultrasound probes adapted to a slit lamp.
Significance: Despite ultrasound's long-standing application in eye care for visualizing ocular components, the evolution of 3DUS technology has remained inactive, with limited development and commercial availability. This study introduces a novel method that could potentially enhance ophthalmic diagnostics and treatment planning by providing comprehensive 3D views of ocular structures using existing ultrasound probes adapted to the conventional slit lamp.
BMC Musculoskelet Disord
January 2025
Scientific Institute, I.R.C.C.S. "E.Medea", Bosisio Parini, Italy.
Objective: Spinal orthoses are the most viable conservative treatment for scoliosis, and additive manufacturing techniques have shown huge perspective in producing patient-specific braces, reducing material waste, and production times. This pilot study aimed at determining whether 3D-printed braces could induce advantages or disadvantages compared to conventional braces in terms of mobility and gait, and at quantitatively evaluating the effects of braces on mobility and gait.
Methods: Ten participants were included in the study, eight with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis and two with osteogenesis imperfecta.
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