Serum omentin-1 levels in type 2 diabetic obese women in relation to glycemic control, insulin resistance and metabolic parameters.

Background: Omentin-1 a new anti-inflammatory adipokine has been identified as a major visceral (omental) secretory adipokine which plays important roles in glucose homeostasis, lipid metabolism, insulin resistance and diabetes. The aim of our study was to evaluate serum omentin-1 levels in type 2 diabetic obese females and assess its relation with glycemic control, insulin resistance and metabolic parameters.

Methods: The study included 60 obese type 2 diabetic females and 30 healthy female subjects formed the control group. They subjected to full clinical examination, weight, height, waist and hip circumference. Fasting (blood glucose, insulin, lipid profile, omentin-1) and HbA1c were measured. BMI and HOMA-IR were calculated. Our data analyzed and expressed in terms of mean ± SD. Pearson correlation performed to study the correlation of serum omentin-1 in relation to glycemic control, insulin resistance and metabolic parameters in the studied groups.

Results: We found significant decrease in serum omentin-1 levels in cases with mean ± SD (16.5 ± 2.6 pg/ml) compared to controls (25.3 ± 1.0 pg/ml) ( < 0.001). We also found strong significant negative correlations between serum omentin-1 and (BMI, fasting insulin, HOMA-IR) (r = -0.909, -0.853, -0.511) respectively ( < 0.001) and systolic blood pressure (r = -0.274,  = 0.031). The best cut off point of serum omentin-1 was 22.2 pg/ml to differentiate cases from controls using ROC curve analysis.

Conclusion: Our study has shown significant low levels of serum omentin-1 in obese type 2 diabetic females in comparison to healthy subjects. Omentin-1 inversely related to obesity, insulin resistance and SBP. No significant associations with glycemic control and fasting lipids. Serum omentin-1 can be used as a biomarker for obesity related metabolic disorders.